低聚木糖作为调理剂对土壤微生物和酶的影响  

Effect of xylooligosaccharides used as a soil conditioner on soil microorganism and enzyme

作　　者：陈火君[1] 李舒[1] 蔡爱华[2] 谢方文[1,3] 林晓燕[1,3] 林世奇[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学资源环境学院,广州510642 [2]中国科学院广西植物研究所广西植物功能物质研究与利用重点实验室,桂林541006 [3]华南农业大学农业部生态农业重点开放实验室,广州510642

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2012年第8期2870-2874,共5页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40871152;41171210;30971887);广州市科技计划项目(12C12101665);广东省自然科学基金团队项目(S2011030002882)

摘　　要：针对集约化农业过量施入化肥农药等引起的土壤质量退化问题,采用造纸黒液废物提取的低聚木糖作为土壤调理剂。通过室内土壤培养,研究不同低聚木糖施用量(0.01%、0.05%、0.1%和0.2%)对土壤微生物数量和脲酶活性的影响。通过番茄盆栽实验,并设置添加0.1%商品生物有机肥处理作比较,研究不同低聚木糖施用量对土壤微生物量氮磷、脲酶和磷酸酶活性的影响。结果表明,低聚木糖可以提高土壤细菌、放线菌数量、土壤脲酶和磷酸酶活性。低聚木糖也显著增加番茄各生长期土壤微生物量碳和磷含量,其中开花期时低聚木糖的促进作用最为明显。所有剂量处理中,以0.05%的低聚木糖添加量处理效果最为明显,且该处理效果也优于添加0.1%生物有机肥处理。低聚木糖作为土壤调理剂,能显著提高土壤微生物数量和酶活性,改善土壤生态系统,提高土壤质量,在农业上具有广阔的应用前景。The soil quality was seriously degraded due to excessive chemical fertilizer and pesticides appli- cation in intensive agriculture. The xylooligosaccharides （XOS） was extracted from the paper black liquid waste and used as a soil conditioner. With indoor soil cultivation, the effect of different XOS application rate （0.01% , 0.05% , 0.1% and 0.2% ） on soil microbial population and urease activity was studied. Compared with the control and 0.1% bio-organic fertilization, the effect of different XOS application on soil microbial biomass nitro- gen and phosphate, urease and phosphatase activity was studied through tomato pot experiment. The results showed that XOS addition at the four rates all promoted soil bacterial and actinomycete population, soil microbial biomass nitrogen and phosphate, and soil urease and phosphatase activity. Especially, largest improvement was 0.05% XOS applied soil, which was better than 0.1% bio-organic fertilizer soil. The improvement of XOS trea- ted soil in the flowering stage was the most effective among the four growing stages of tomato. It indicates that XOS can be used as prospective soil conditioner to increase soil microbial population and enzyme activity, and fi- nally improve the soil microbial ecosystem and soil quality in agriculture field.

关 键 词：低聚木糖 土壤调理剂 微生物 酶活性 

分 类 号：X793[环境科学与工程—环境工程]