黄土坡面不同植被冠层降雨截留模型模拟效果及适用性评价  

Simulated effects and adaptive evaluation of different canopies rainfall interception models in Loess Plateau

作　　者：佘冬立[1,2] 刘营营[2] 邵明安[3] 陈友林[2] 彭世彰[1] 周蓓蓓[4] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室,南京210098 [2]河海大学水利水电学院,南京210098 [3]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态系统网络与模拟重点实验室,北京100101 [4]西安理工大学水利水电学院,西安710048

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2012年第16期115-120,共6页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51109063);中国博士后科学基金(2011M500115);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(水利工程)

摘　　要：为探明植被冠层降雨截留水文生态效应,该文通过对黄土区坡面柠条林和杏树林冠层截留量的动态监测与模型模拟,分析了不同类型植被冠层降雨截留规律及其模型模拟的适用性。结果表明:2种不同类型植被冠层降雨截留的特征差异显著。柠条林冠层截留量随大气降雨量的增加而逐渐增加,稳定截留率约为15%。杏树林冠层截留率相对较低,特别是在降雨量小于5mm的量级,冠层"漏斗"效应明显。杏树林冠层截留率与降雨量之间未表现出明显的趋势关系,稳定截留率约为10%。对于柠条林冠层截留规律的模拟,以降雨量和冠层郁闭度为变量的崔启武模型的决定系数为0.74,以降雨量为变量的王彦辉模型的决定系数为0.68;但对于"漏斗"状结构的杏树林冠层,2个模型均未能得到较好的模拟结果。To understand the hydro-ecological effects of canopy rainfall interception, we measured and simulated the dynamics of canopy interception for Korshinsk peashrub and Apricot in the Loess Plateau. Measurement results showed that the canopy interception were significantly different between the two kinds vegetation. The interception increased with the increase of rainfall for Korshinsk peashrub tree stand, and the steady interception rate was about 15%. Comparatively, the interception rate was relative low for Apricot tree stand for its ＇funnel-shaped＇ canopy, especially, when the rainfall was lower than 5 ram. There are no significant relationship between the interception rate of Apricot canopy and rainfall, and the steady interception rate was about 10%. About the simulation of Interception laws of Caragana Korshinskii, the determination coefficient of rainfall and canopy density was 0.74 in Cui＇s interception model, in which including variables of rainfall and canopy density, and the determination coefficient of simulation was 0.68 in the Wang＇s interception model, in which variable is rainfall. However, there was no better simulation result of the two models for the ＇funnel-shaped＇ canopy of apricot tree stand.

关 键 词：模型 降雨 植被 冠层截留 模拟 柠条林 杏树林 

分 类 号：X142[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X144