关于中国西部干旱区生态环境演变与调控研究的思考  

Some Consideration on Evolution and Control of Ecological Environment of the Arid Regions in Western China

作　　者：潘晓玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆大学干旱生态环境研究所

出　　处：《世界科技研究与发展》2000年第3期57-60,共4页World Sci-Tech R&D

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目!(编号 :G19990 4 35)

摘　　要：研究和改善西部干旱区的生态环境 ,对国家加快开发西部地区重大战略决策的实施、维护社会稳定和领土完整具有十分重要的意义。围绕西部干旱区生态环境演变过程、绿洲生态安全机制、生态环境退化机理及生态系统调控与管理等重大科学问题 ,在时间序列上 :探讨万年尺度的生态环境演变过程 ,定量研究自然作用和人类活动对生态环境的影响 ;在空间结构上 :从生态系统、景观、区域尺度上分别探讨生态系统的结构、功能和山地、绿洲、荒漠生态系统间的耦合机理、生态系统区域分异规律 ;在时空耦合界面上 :综合评价生态环境质量 ,分析生态环境演变趋势 ,研究西部开发面临的若干重大生态环境问题。通过关键科学问题的解决 ,确定西部干旱区生态环境的动态容量和安全阈值、生态需水量 ,提出西部干旱区开发的适宜规模、生态恢复与重建的技术途径、主要生态环境灾害的防治对策 ,编绘西部干旱区生态区划图 ,建立生态环境演变预测模型、生态环境信息系统和决策支持系统。最终创建干旱区生态环境理论体系的基本框架 ,发展和完善干旱生态学、绿洲学。The arid land in Western China refers to the vast areas in the west of Helan Mount and the north of Kunlun Mount. The total areas are 2,500,000km 2. Studying and improving of Eco-environment of the arid land in that region has significant meaning to the implementation of the country's strategy and policy in the speeding up the development in that region, the maintenance of the social order and the territory integration of China. The item studies the scientific problems of the eco-environment, and the control, adjustment and management of the ecosystem. On the aspect of chronology, it studies the eco-environmental evolution over 10,000 years, and quantitatively studies the influence of the natural effect and human activity; On space-structure, it studies the structure and function of ecosystem from ecological system, oasis and desert ecosystem and regional characteristics of ecosystem; on the other hand, the coupling of space and chronology is also studed, it comprehensively evaluates quality and analyzes the evolutionary trend of ecoenvironment. It pays more attention to studies of significant problems in the developing process of Western region of China. The objective of the item is to define the dynamic capacity, and security threshold and ecological water demand in the arid land of West China. The objective also puts forward the appropriate developing scale, the technical methods of the ecological restoration and rebuilding, the prevention and cure countermeasure of the eco-environmental desaster in the arid land. Meantime, the map of regional ecological distribution of the area is made, the eco-environmental evolution model, the eco-environmental information system and the policy support system are established. The basic frame of the arid land eco-environmental theory is set.

关 键 词：生态环境 演变 调控 中国西部 干旱区 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]