北京农村地区2060例中学生焦虑、抑郁状况的调查研究  

Study on Anxiety and Depression of Middle School Students in Rural Beijing

作　　者：来源[1] 张巧玲[1] 刘曙光 张曼华[1] 杨凤池[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国.首都医科大学卫生管理与教育学院心理学教研室,北京100069 [2]北京顺义区杨镇中学

出　　处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2012年第8期1204-1207,共4页China Journal of Health Psychology

基　　金：国家科技支撑项目(2009BAI77B08)

摘　　要：目的了解北京农村地区中学生焦虑障碍、抑郁障碍的流行状况、流行特征及相关因素,为进行预防干预提供依据。方法随机抽取北京农村地区2060例初、高中学生,针对焦虑、抑郁症状及其相关因素进行问卷调查,采用儿童焦虑性情绪障碍筛查表(SCARED)、儿童抑郁障碍自评量表(DSRSC)进行症状评定。结果①中学生焦虑障碍的阳性率为33.1%,抑郁障碍的阳性率为19.3%;②女生焦虑障碍阳性率高于男生(χ2=14.940,P=0.000),而男生抑郁障碍的阳性率高于女生(χ2=14.046,P=0.000);③初二年级的抑郁障碍阳性率高于初一、初三年级(χ2=6.637,P=0.041)。高中阶段焦虑障碍阳率性随年级升高而降低,变化显著(χ2=8.253,P=0.016);高中生的焦虑障碍阳性率显著高于初中生(χ2=10.843,P=0.001);④多元log istic回归表明,焦虑障碍和抑郁障碍的发生率与性别、民族、年级、健康状况、学习成绩有关。结论女生易感焦虑障碍,男生易感抑郁障碍,初二和高一是抑郁和焦虑障碍易感的年级,身体健康状况较差或学习成绩较差的学生易感焦虑、抑郁障碍,这些人群需要得到学校、家庭的关注和恰当的干预。Objectives To study the prevalence and epidemiological feature of anxiety and depression and relative factors among middle school students in rural Beijing,and provide a basis for the interventions.Methods Anxiety,depression and relative factors were investigated among 2060 middle school students in rural Beijing using questionnaire,Anxiety and depression were performed according SCARED and DSRSC.Results ①The prevalence rate of anxiety and depression were 33.1% and 19.3% among middle school students.②Female had higher scores than male students in the prevalence rate of anxiety（χ2=14.940,P=0.000）,while male had higher scores than female in depression（χ2=14.046,P=0.000）.③The prevalence rate of anxiety between grades of junior and senior middle school were different significantly（χ2=6.637,P=0.041）（χ2=8.253,P=0.016）,and the senior had higher rate than the junior（χ2=10.843,P=0.001）.④The data indicated that sex,nationality,school grade,health condition and academic record were irrelevant to the incidence of anxiety or depression state.Conclusion The mood problems of middle school students should not be neglected,which deserves great attention and intervenes of school and families.

关 键 词：心理健康 焦虑障碍 抑郁障碍 中学生 农村地区 

分 类 号：R749.72[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]