香蕉胚性悬浮细胞分化能力及染色体数目变异研究  

Differentiation Potential and Chromosome Number of Embryogenic Suspension Cells of Musa spp. in Subculture

作　　者：洪林[1,2] 劳世辉[2] 梁国鲁[3] 魏岳荣[2] 刘正富[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆市农业科学院果树研究所,重庆402260 [2]广东省农业科学院果树研究所,广东广州510640 [3]西南大学园艺园林学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2012年第6期969-974,共6页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：科技部国际合作项目(No.2009DFA31470);国家科技部项目(No.2010GB2F100391)

摘　　要：以野生阿宽蕉(Musa itinerans Cheesman,AA)、抗枯1号(Kangku 1,AAA)、大蕉(Musa ParadidiacaL.,ABB)3个香蕉品种为试材,研究其胚性悬浮细胞在长期继代培养后的分化能力和染色体数目的变异。结果表明,3个香蕉品种ECS在继代培养过程中,胚性悬浮细胞染色体数目均不稳定,染色体数目从6个到116个不等,各ECS均为整倍体和非整倍体组成的混倍体,随继代次数的增加,染色体数目变异的细胞比例随之增多,体细胞胚胎分化能力逐渐下降。野生阿宽蕉、抗枯1号和大蕉的ECS继代培养1.5 a后,细胞变异率分别为96.3%、93.0%和94.0%,而体胚分化能力分别为0.96×103、0.55×103、0.65×103个/mL PCV。试验为进一步研究香蕉ECS染色体变异机理提供新的线索。A study on the changes of somatic embryogenesis potential and chromosome number of embryogenic suspension cells of Musa itinerans Cheesman, Kangku 1, Musa Paradidiaca L. in subculture was undertaken. The results showed that the chromosome number of the embryogenic suspension cells of three banana varieties ranged from 6 to 116 during subculture. After subculturing, ECS were mixoploidy which contained euploid and aneuploid. The percentage of cells with chromosome number changed in ECS was increased, however the overall differentiation of somatic embryos gradually fell down accompanyied by increased number of subculture. After subcultured 1.5 a later, the ECS mutation rates of Musa itinerans Cheesman, Kangku 1, Musa Paradidiaca L. was 96.3%, 93.0% and 94.0%, and somatic embryogenesis frequency of ECS was 0.96×10^3, 0.55×10^3, 0.65×10^3 per mL packed cell volume respectively. The experimental results also provided new clue for further working on the mechanism of ECS variation.

关 键 词：香蕉 胚性悬浮细胞系 体胚发生 整倍体 非整倍体 

分 类 号：S668.1[农业科学—果树学]