纤维素/淀粉基生物可降解塑料膜的制备与表征  

Preparation and Characterization of Cellulose/Starch-based Biodegradable Plastic Film

作　　者：张瑞峰[1,2] 黄少斌[1,2] 吴文清[1,2] 祝光富 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学环境科学与工程学院污染控制与生态修复广东省普通高等学校重点实验室,广东广州510006 [2]工业聚集区污染控制与生态修复教育部重点实验室,广东广州510006 [3]广东上九生物降解塑料有限公司,广东东莞523128

出　　处：《塑料工业》2012年第8期23-28,共6页China Plastics Industry

基　　金：广东省经济和信息化委员会项目(批准号:20100106-3);广东省教育部产学研结合项目(批准号:2011B090400284);广东省科技厅项目(批准号:2011B010100029);国家自然科学基金(批准号:20777019)

摘　　要：将自制醋酸酯淀粉(SA)和醋酸纤维素(CA)溶于丙酮溶剂中,在柠檬酸三丁酯(TBC)为交联剂的作用下进行交叉克莱森酯缩合反应,制备出了淀粉基材料含量不同的生物可降解塑料薄膜,制备的可降解塑料薄膜使用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、X-衍射(XRD)、热重(TGA)、扫描电镜(SEM)等进行表征。结果表明,SA在该体系下可以有效溶解并发生交联反应,在组分SA C∶A质量比为1 1∶的条件下制备出了性能良好的可降解塑料薄膜;随着组分中SA含量的增加,膜的力学性能有所下降,而土壤堆埋降解速率却有所增加;制备的可降解塑料薄膜具有良好的力学性能、热稳定性能和易降解性能,以组分SA∶CA质量比为1∶1的可降解塑料薄膜为例,其拉伸应力达到11.13 MPa,弹性模量为214.29 MPa,最高热稳定温度为250℃,120 d土壤堆埋生物降解率接近50%。Using starch acetate （SA） and cellulose acetate （CA） dissolving in acetone, under the effect of tributyl citrate as crosslinking agent to conduct the crossed-Claisen condensation reaction, the biodegradable plastic film with different contents of starch-based material was prepared. The biodegradable plastic film was characterized by FT-IR, XRD, TGA and SEM. The results showed that SA dissolved well and had cross-linking reaction. Good performance biodegradable plastic film was prepared when the mass ratio of SA：CA = 1：1. With the increase of SA, the mechanical performance was declined, but the performance of degradation rate in the soil was better. In general, the biodegradable plastic film had good mechanical performances, thermal stability and easily degradable property. Take the plastic film when the mass ratio of SA：CA = 1：1 for example, its tensile strength can reach 11.13 MPa, elastic modulus can reach 214.29 MPa, the highest thermal stability temperature was 250 ℃, soil-burial degradation rate of 120 days can reach 50%.

关 键 词：醋酸酯淀粉 柠檬酸三丁酯 交叉克莱森酯缩合 可降解塑料薄膜 

分 类 号：TQ320.721[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]