大学新生的自杀意念与抑郁情绪、希望特质  

Suicide ideation and its relationship with depression and hope trait in college freshmen

作　　者：安静[1] 孙启武[2] 郭兰[3] 童永胜[1] 张亚利[1] 李献云[1] 黄悦勤[4] 

机构地区：[1]北京回龙观医院北京心理危机研究与干预中心,世界卫生组织心理危机预防研究与培训合作中心,北京100096 [2]华中师范大学心理学院,武汉430079 [3]中国地质大学(武汉)马克思主义学院应用心理学研究所,武汉430074 [4]北京大学精神卫生研究所,卫生部精神卫生学重点实验室(北京大学),北京100191

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2012年第8期616-619,共4页Chinese Mental Health Journal

基　　金：China Collaborative Suicide Research Training Program (CCSRT);美国国立卫生院Fogarty资金的经费支持~~

摘　　要：目的:探讨大学新生自杀意念的检出率,以及与抑郁情绪、希望特质之间的关系。方法:选取某大学一年级全部新生4372名,采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)第15项评估自杀意念,采用抑郁自评量表(SDS)、希望量表(DHS)评估抑郁症状和希望特质。收回有效问卷4211份。结果:大学新生自杀意念发生率为4.5%(189/4211),女生自杀意念率高于男生(6.7%vs.3.7%,P<0.05)。有自杀意念学生的SDS得分高于无自杀意念者[(42.0±7.3)vs.(34.2±6.3),P<0.05],DHS得分低于无自杀意念者[(43.6±8.8)vs.(49.8±8.1),P<0.05]。SDS得分越高,越容易产生自杀意念(OR=1.15,P<0.01);而DHS得分越高,自杀意念产生的可能性越小(OR=0.95,P<0.05)。结论:本研究发现提示大学新生自杀意念的产生可能与抑郁情绪相关,而希望特质可能是保护因素,对有自杀意念的大学生应重视抑郁情绪的评估。Objectives： To explore the relationship of suicide ideation with depression and hope trait in col- lege freshmen. Methods： In the selected 4372 freshmen in one university, 4211 finished the questionnaire. They were assessed with the item 15 of Symptom Checklist 90 （SCL-90） to evaluate suicide ideation, and assessed with the Self-Rating Depression Scale （SDS） and Dispositional Hope Scale （DHS） to evaluate depression symptom and hope trait respectively. Results： The suicide ideation rate in the previous week was 4. 5 % （189/4211） in this sam- ple. The suicide rate was higher in females than in males （6. 7% vs. 3.7%, P 〈 0.05）. The score of SDS in the students with suicide ideation was higher than ones without [ （42. 0 ±7.3） vs. （ 34. 2 ± 6. 3）, P 〈 0.05 ], and the score of DHS in the students with suicide ideation was lower than in ones without [ （43.6 ± 8.8） vs. （49. 8 ±8. 1）, P 〈 0. 05]. The higher of the score of SDS, the more likely to have the suicide ideation （ OR = 1.15, P 〈 0. 01 ）, while the higher of the score of DHS, the more unlikely to have the suicide ideation （OR =0.95, P 〈0.05）. Conclusion： It suggests that the suicide ideation in college freshmen may be associated to depression, while hope trait may be the protective factor, so it is important to assess their depression in college students with suicide ideation.

关 键 词：希望 自杀意念 抑郁情绪 大学新生 

分 类 号：R749.41[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] C913.9[医药卫生—临床医学]