粤北铅锌矿区土壤生态系统微生物特征及其重金属含量  

Soil Heavy Metal Content and Soil Microbial Characteristics in Lead/Zinc Mine Areas in Northern Guangdong Province

作　　者：秦建桥 赵华荣[2] 张修玉[3] 黎颖治[4] 李明明 胡德礼 黎忠[7] 

机构地区：[1]广东省环境科学研究院,广州510045 [2]桂林理工大学环境科学与工程学院,广西桂林541004 [3]环境保护部华南环境科学研究所,广州510655 [4]广东省惠州市环境科学研究所,广东惠州516001 [5]临沂市环境保护局,山东临沂276000 [6]临沂经济技术开发区科技开发中心,山东临沂276023 [7]中水珠江规划勘测设计有限公司,广州510610

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2012年第4期221-225,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金项目(06202438)

摘　　要：粤北大宝山金属矿产资源的开发给生态环境带来了严重危害。对该铅锌矿区土壤的微生物特征进行研究。结果表明:五节芒植物中的元素含量表现为Zn>Pb>Cu>Cd,Zn与土壤元素的相关性最为显著,其次为Pb。与对照土壤相比,矿区土壤的微生物基础呼吸作用增强,但微生物生物量却显著降低,微生物生理生态参数Cmic/Corg、qCO2值明显升高。随着矿区土壤的重金属含量增加,矿区(1#、2#)土壤的生化作用强度明显下降,生化作用表现为与土壤重金属含量呈显著负相关。与非矿区(6#)土壤相比,其中土壤氨化作用、硝化作用、固N作用和纤维素分解作用强度分别下降43.19%～70.01%,70.71%～92.02%,58.54%～87.76%和55.00%～79.60%。生化作用表现为与土壤中重金属含量呈显著负相关。土壤微生物活性下降是矿区土壤生态系统遭受破坏的重要标志之一,也是矿区土壤微生物生态演变的重要因素之一。土壤微生物活性降低削弱了矿区土壤中C、N营养元素的循环速率和能量流动。Mining activities caused severe soil environment changes in Dabaoshan mine, （3uangdong, southern China. The acid mine drainage and heavy metal ions drained directly into the Hengshihe fiver, which contaminated severely the ecological environment along the river. This paper reported soil microbial characteristics of Miscanthus floridulus-soil system in heavy metals contaminated soils around Dabaoshan mine tailings, northern Guangdong. The results indicated that metal element contents of Miscanthus floridulus in sequence were： Zn〉Pb〉Cu〉Cd. There were significant correlations in Zn contents between Miscanthus floridulus and soil in Pb/Zn mine mined tailings region, and the next was in Pb contents. Compared with the control, the Miscanthus floridulus-soil system possessed obviously different soil microbial features： Intensiver in microbial basal respiration strength, and higher microbial eco-physiological parameters Cmie/Corg and qCOz, but lower in soil microbial biomass. The results showed that indensity of soil biochemical decreased signifi- cantly with increase of contaminations of heavy metals, especially which included ammonification, nitrifica- tion, nitrogen fixation and decomposition of cellulose. Indensity of soil biochemical was decreased by 43.19%~70.01%, 70. 71~92.02%, 58. 54~87. 76% and 55.00%~79.60% in the soil（No. 1, 2） compared with that of the non-minesoils, respectivesly. All of which may lead to the impairment of turnover and cycle velocity of C, N nutrition element in mine soils.

关 键 词：铅锌矿区 重金属 土壤生态系统 土壤微生物活性 

分 类 号：X131.3[环境科学与工程—环境科学] S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]