四川省部分12岁儿童恒牙龋病及其相关因素分析  

Dental caries prevalence and risk factors among 12-year-old children in Sichuan

作　　者：刘建忠[1] 尹伟[1] 李雪[1] 钟亦思[1] 王亚冲[1] 毛传霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西口腔医院预防科,成都610041

出　　处：《国际口腔医学杂志》2012年第5期568-571,共4页International Journal of Stomatology

基　　金：卫生部卫生行业科研专项基金资助项目(201002017);四川省科技计划基金资助项目(2011JY021)

摘　　要：目的调查四川省部分12岁儿童患龋情况,监测龋病的发展趋势,为四川省口腔卫生保健规划与决策提供信息与依据。方法采用多阶段、分层、随机抽样的方法进行调查,在四川省3个城市、3个农村随机抽样选取调查点,共调查768名12岁儿童的患龋情况,通过问卷了解其口腔健康知识态度行为等相关因素。结果四川省12岁儿童恒牙患龋率达到42.18%、龋均为0.94±1.44,女性高于男性,城市高于农村(P<0.05),恒牙龋充填率为8.10%。每天均有进食(大于等于每天1次)碳酸饮料、甜点心、糖果巧克力的儿童占被调查人群的比例分别为97.01%、88.8%、88.28%,睡觉前有吃甜食的儿童占75.52%;每天刷牙2次及2次以上的占40.0%,城市12岁儿童明显高于农村(P<0.001),含氟牙膏使用率为21.6%,农村12岁儿童高于城市(P<0.001);5个口腔保健知识点中,有4个知识点的知晓率高于75%,但仅有13.80%的儿童认为"含氟牙膏对牙齿有好处"。结论四川省12岁儿童患龋情况严重,治疗率低,缺乏必要的口腔卫生知识,口腔卫生习惯较差。对该部分人群应加大龋病的预防与治疗力度,普及口腔卫生知识,改善卫生习惯,并长期监测观察。Objective To investigate the oral health status among 12-year-old children in Sichuan province and monitor the tendency of dental caries. Methods A stratified multistage random sampling design was applied and a total of 768 12-year-old children were selected from 3 urban sampling spots and 3 rural sampling spots. All examinees answered an oral health knowledge questionnaire and were examined by experienced dentists. Results The prevalence rate of caries of this group of 12-year-old children in Sichuan Province was 42.18%, its mean DMFT was 0.94＋1.44. Urban children showed higher prevalence rate and DMFT than the children in countryside did （P〈0.05）. Percent of filled teeth was only 8.10%. Percnet of children having daily consumption of carbonated drinks, desserts and candy equal or more than once daily was separately 97.01%, 88.8%, 88.28%. Children taking sweets before sleep accounted for 75.52%; 40.0% of the children brush their teeth twice or more than twice daily, 21.6% of the children is using fluoride toothpaste; only 13.80% of the children agree that fluoride toothpaste is good for teeth. Conclusion This group of 12-year-old children in Sichuan Province has a high rate of caries teeth and the treatment rate is low. Due to high caries-risk factor including being lack of oral health knowledge and poor oral health habit, long-term monitoring and strengthened protection should be part of work in the future.

关 键 词：12岁儿童 龋病 口腔健康调查 知识态度行为 

分 类 号：R788.1[医药卫生—口腔医学]