4105柴油机曲轴扭转振动与减振器匹配研究  

Research on matching of torsional vibration with vibration dumper of crankshaft in model 4105 diesel engine

作　　者：李小华[1] 张凯[1] 沈贝[1] 蔡忆昔[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏大学汽车与交通工程学院,江苏镇江212013

出　　处：《机械设计》2012年第8期31-35,共5页Journal of Machine Design

基　　金：江苏省教育厅自然科学基金资助项目(04KJD130042)

摘　　要：利用软件EXCITE-designer对柴油机4105曲轴进行数学建模,建立了基于集中质量-弹簧-阻尼的系统模型,获得了曲轴扭转振动的自由振动频率和振型,计算了曲轴的强迫振动;分析了减振器的惯性块惯量对谐次波的影响,匹配了减振器。结果表明,柴油机在2 560,2 735和3 125 r/min附近转速下发生了较大的扭转共振;随着减振器惯性块惯量ID的增大,各谐次波的临界转速逐渐减小,匹配减振器后大幅降低了曲轴的扭转振幅,表明所设计减振器有较好效果。A mathematical modeling of crankshaft of model 4105 diesel engine was completed by using the EXCITE -designer, then a system model based on concentrated mass-spring-damping, the free vibration frequencies and mode of vibration of torsional vi- bration for the crankshaft was obtained, and the forced vibration of the crankshaft had been calculated. At last, the vibration damper was matched by analyzing the affects on harmonic secondary waveby different inertia of the rings in vibration dumper. The results of calculation showed that the Much bigger torsional resonance oc- curred close to the speeds of 2,560, 2,735 and 3,125 r/min of the engine ; the critical speeds of various harmonic secondary waves will reduce gradually with the increase of inertia block, the torsional amplitude of the crankshaft had been greatly reduced after the damper is matched, showing that the designed damper has much better effect.

关 键 词：柴油机 临界转速 扭转振动 减振器 

分 类 号：TK421.6[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]