壳聚糖对虹鳟(Oncorhynchus mykiss)幼鱼生长性能、体组成及非特异性免疫的影响  

EFFECTS OF DIETARY CHITOSAN ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE,BODY COMPOSITION AND NON-SPECIFIC IMMUNITY OF JUVENILE ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS

作　　者：蒋锦坤[1,2] 王际英[2] 张利民[2] 柳旭东[2] 冯德智[1,2] 姜柯君[1,2] 张德瑞[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]山东省海洋水产研究所,烟台264006

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2012年第4期729-734,共6页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：国家科技部农转资金项目,03EFN213700155号;山东省科技发展计划项目,2010-2013;山东省水生动物营养与饲料泰山学者岗位(HYK201004)经费资助

摘　　要：用壳聚糖添加量为0.00%(D0)、0.25%(D1)、0.50%(D2)、1.00%(D3)和2.00%(D4)的实验饲料投喂虹鳟幼鱼50d,研究其对虹鳟幼鱼生长性能、体组成及非特异性免疫的影响。结果显示,各实验组增重率(WGR)、特定生长率(SGR)显著高于对照组(P<0.05),饲料系数(FCR)、脏体比(VSI)呈显著降低趋势(P<0.05),而肝体比(HSI)、脾体比(SSI)、肥满度(CF)及存活率(SR)无明显差异(P>0.05)。全鱼、肌肉及肝脏粗脂肪含量显著降低(P<0.05)。D3组和D4组碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性显著低于其它各组(P<0.05);酸性磷酸酶(ACP)活性显著降低(P<0.05),溶菌酶(LZM)活性则显著升高(P<0.05);D4组总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)显著高于对照组及D1组(P<0.05);超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力差异不显著(P>0.05)。在本实验条件下,饲料中添加壳聚糖可显著提高虹鳟幼鱼生长性能、增强非特异性免疫能力,以增重率及非特异性免疫为综合评价指标,虹鳟饲料中壳聚糖的适宜添加量为0.50%。Rainbow trout was cultured widespread all around the world, but the healthy of rainbow trout was generally inhibited by high-density culture. A 50-d feeding trial was carried out to investigate the effects of dietary chitosan on growth performance, body composition and non-specific immunity of juvenile Oncorhynchus mykiss [（98.26±0.25）g]. Five isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated by adding 0% （DO, control group）, 0.25% （D1）, 0.50% （D2）, 1.00% （D3） and 2.00% （D4） chitosan to the basal diet, in which casein and fish meal were used as the protein source and fish oil as the lipid source, respectively. Results showed that： weight gain rate （WGR） and specific growth rate （SGR） increased whereas feed conversion ratio （FCR） decreased significantly （P〈0.05） with chitosan addition No significant differences were found among chitosan-supplemented groups （P〉0.05）. Viscerosomatic index （VS1） decreased （P〈0.05） with dietary chitosan supplementation （P〈0.05）. However, there were no statistical differences in hepatosomatic index （HS1）, spleen- somatic index （SSI）, condition factor （CF） or survival ratio （SR） （P〉0.05）. Lipid content in whole fish, muscle and liver were decreased obviously by dietary chitosan （P〈0.05）, while no change existed in moisture and protein contents （P〉0.05） Alkaline phosphatase （ALP） activity in serum of D3 and D4 groups was decreased significantly （P〈0.05） and there were no differences among other groups （P〉0.05）. Serum acid phosphatase （ACP） activity decreased as dietary chitosan supple mentation level increased （P〈0.05）, while lysozyme （LZM） activity was increased （P〈0.05）. Total antioxidant capacity （T-AOC） of D4 group was significantly higher than that of the control and D1 group （P〈0.05） and no differences were found among other groups （P〉0.05）. Superoxide dismutase （SOD） was not affected by dietary chitosan （P〉0.05）.

关 键 词：壳聚糖 虹鳟 生长性能 体组成 非特异性免疫 

分 类 号：S852.4[农业科学—基础兽医学]