城市湿地生态系统服务功能评估研究进展  

Research review on the advances in evaluating urban wetland ecosystem profitabilities

作　　者：苏美蓉[1] 陈晨[1] 杨志峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]环境模拟与污染控制国家重点实验室,北京师范大学环境学院,北京100875

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2012年第4期147-154,共8页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(50939001);国家自然科学基金项目(40871056)

摘　　要：在回顾生态系统服务功能概念,总结城市湿地生态系统服务功能分类的基础上,着重评述了城市湿地生态系统服务功能最常用的评估方法——市场价值法、旅行费用法、恢复和防护费用法、影子工程法、碳税法、造林成本法、条件价值法、成果参数法,分析了各方法的适用范围与优缺点,并简要介绍了其他几种评估方法。比较了不同城市湿地的生态系统服务功能评估结果,最后提出了城市湿地生态系统服务功能评估的现有问题及发展趋势。In this paper, we have first of all made a review of the concept of wetland ecosystem profitability based on the classification of urban wetland ecosystem functions. It is acknowledged that urban wetlands can provide such ecosystem functions as sustainable substantial production, recreation, water resource regulation, water purification, climate regulation, biodiversity maintenance, education and culture as well as human survival value, etc. , amongst which the flood control and micro-climate regulation can be thought of the most important ones. Secondly, we have provided various commonly used methods in describing and evaluating urban wetland ecosystem benefits, including the market value method, tourism evaluation method, eco-recovery and defending cost method, the shadow project method, carbon tax method, afforestation value method, contingent value method and result-evaluation parameter method. Besides the above said methods for measuring wetland ecosystem advantages for the economic value, we have also briefly introduced a few other methods, such as imagery analysis and equivalent method, which can not only been applied in evaluating urban wetland ecosystem services as widely as those methods in form of economic value. Furthermore, we have also analyzed the practical characteristics of each method, as well as their advantages and disadvantages. And, last of all, it can be concluded that different methods can be chosen to evaluate different ecosystem functions. Subsequently, we have compared the evaluation results of their ecosystem benefits in different urban wetland eco-envi- ronmental conditions, especially in view of the proportions of each sort of ecosystem benefits. All in all, the paper has pointed out some existing problems in doing such evaluations and discussed some corre- sponding development trends, such as on how to evaluates systematically the urban wetland ecosystem services in a holistic way, and how to analyze the changing tendency of the urban wetland ecosystem services dynamically. It

关 键 词：环境学 城市湿地 生态系统服务 价值评估 研究进展 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]