松花江上游夹皮沟金矿土壤与大气汞污染特征  

Characteristics of Mercury Pollution in Soil and Atmosphere in Songhua River Upstream Jia-pi-gou Gold Mining Area

作　　者：张刚[1,2] 王宁[1,2] 王媛[3] 刘特[3] 艾建超[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学城市与环境科学学院,长春130024 [2]国家环境保护湿地生态与植被恢复重点实验室,长春130024 [3]吉林省环境科学研究院,长春130021

出　　处：《环境科学》2012年第9期2953-2959,共7页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40673059);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(09QNJJ024);吉林省科技厅青年基金项目(2009114)

摘　　要：在松花江上游夹皮沟金矿开采区内,混汞法提金工艺已使用180余年,导致严重的环境介质汞污染问题.为研究土壤和大气汞污染特征,使用塞曼效应汞分析仪(Zeeman RA915+)测定了大气汞含量,使用冷原子吸收分光光度法(GB/T17136-1997)测定了土壤汞含量,使用动态通量箱法测定了老金厂、二道沟、二道岔和夹皮沟镇小区四处土/气间汞交换通量;对土壤汞含量和大气汞含量进行了线性回归分析;并对土/气间汞交换通量与气象因子进行了相关性分析.结果表明:①区域大气汞含量均值为(71.08±38.22)ng.m-3.②区域土壤汞含量均值为(0.913 1±0.040 8)mg.kg-1;土壤汞含量与大气汞含量显著正相关.③各采样点土/气间汞交换通量为:老金厂(129.13±496.07)ng.(m2.h)-1,二道沟(98.64±43.96)ng.(m2.h)-1,二道岔(23.17±171.23)ng.(m2.h)-1,夹皮沟镇小区(7.12±46.33)ng.(m2.h)-1.④太阳辐射是老金厂、二道岔和夹皮沟镇小区土/气间汞交换通量主要影响因子,太阳辐射、大气温度和土壤温度共同控制二道沟土/气汞交换通量过程;地形条件的干扰,形成三类迥异的土/气间汞交换通量日变化特征形态.In the studied area of Jia-pi-gou at the upstream area of Songhua River,algamation process has been applied as a dominant method to extract gold for more than one hundred and eighty years,resulting in severe mercury environmental pollution.The total mercury contents in the atmosphere and soil have been determined by mercury analyzer（Zeeman RA915＋） and cold atomic absorption spectrophotometry（GB/T 17136-1997）,respectively.To study the pollution characteristics of mercury in the soil and atmosphere,the mercury flux at the interface between the soil and the atmosphere of 4 sampling sites Lao-jin-chang,Er-dao-gou,Er-dao-cha and community of Jia-pi-gou have been determined with the method of dynamic flux chamber.Furthermore,linear regression analyses on the total mercury contents between soil and atmosphere have been carried out and the correlation coefficient of mercury exchange flux between soil and atmosphere and meteorological factors has been studied.The results are as follows： ①The mean value of mercury content in the atmosphere is（71.08±38.22）ng·m^-3.②The mean value of mercury content in the soil is（0.913 1±0.040 8）mg·kg^-1;it shows remarkably positive correlation between the mercury contents in soil and in the atmosphere.③The mercury exchange flux between soil and atmosphere in different locations are Lao-jin-chang [（129.13±496.07） ng·（m^2·h）^-1],Er-dao-gou [（98.64±43.96） ng·（m^2·h）^-1],Er-dao-cha [（23.17±171.23） ng·（m^2·h）^-1],and community of Jia-pi-gou [（7.12±46.33） ng·（m^2·h）^-1].④Solar radiation is the major influential factor in the mercury exchange flux between the soil and atmosphere in Lao-jin-chang,Er-dao-cha and community of Jia-pi-gou.Solar radiation,air temperature and soil temperature jointly influence the process of the mercury exchange flux between the soil and atmosphere in Er-dao-gou.Under the disturbance of terrain,three noticeably distinctive trend features of daily change of mercury exchange flux between the soil a

关 键 词：大气总汞 汞交换通量 动态通量箱 夹皮沟金矿 松花江 

分 类 号：X131[环境科学与工程—环境科学]