太湖西岸湖滨带沉积物氮磷有机质分布及评价  

Spatial Distribution and Evaluation of Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Organic Matter in Surface Sediments from Western Lakeside Belt of Lake Taihu

作　　者：甘树[1] 卢少勇[2] 秦普丰[1] 金相灿[2] 焦伟[2] 王佩[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学资源环境学院,长沙410128 [2]中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室国家环境保护湖泊污染控制重点实验室湖泊环境研究中心湖泊工程技术中心,北京100012

出　　处：《环境科学》2012年第9期3064-3069,共6页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2008ZX07101-001,2009ZX07101-009);国家高技术研究发展计划(863)项目(2005AA60101005)

摘　　要：采集了太湖西岸湖滨带的表层沉积物,研究了沉积物中氮、磷和有机质的空间分布并进行评价.结果表明,表层沉积物氮、磷和有机质含量基本上呈由近岸向远岸递增的趋势,各点表层沉积物有机质平均含量7 124.00 mg.kg-1,介于2 261.78～11 963.10 mg.kg-1;总氮平均含量819.20 mg.kg-1,介于343.20～1 390.12 mg.kg-1;总磷平均含量379.39 mg.kg-1,介于197.46～570.85 mg.kg-1.沉积物中C/N值为9.5.沉积物中有机质及营养盐来源于湖中藻类和水生高等植物.采用有机指数和有机氮评价太湖西岸湖滨带沉积物的环境质量,有机指数平均为0.037,有机氮为0.044%,总体上属于尚清洁范畴.远岸端点位沉积物有机指数及有机氮含量均较高,存在转为有机污染的风险.The surface sediments in western lakeside belt of Taihu Lake were collected.The spatial distribution of nutrients and pollution evaluation were studied.The results showed that concentration of the nitrogen,phosphorus and organic matter in the surface sediments had an increasing tendency from inshore to the far shore.The concentration of organic matter in the sediments ranged from 2 261.78 mg·kg^-1 to 11 963.10 mg·kg^-1,with the average of 7 124.00 mg·kg^-1.Total nitrogen concentration in the sediments ranged from 343.20 mg·kg^-1to 1 390.12 mg·kg^-1,with the average of 819.20 mg·kg^-1.The total phosphorus concentration in the sediments ranged from 197.46 mg·kg^-1 to 570.85 mg·kg^-1,with the average of 379.39 mg·kg^-1.The C/N ratio in the lake sediment was 9.5.Organic matter and nutrient were from alga and aquatic plant in lake.Based on the organic index and organic nitrogen,we can concluded that the surface sediments in western lakeside belt of Taihu Lake still belong to less clean category.The average values of organic index and organic nitrogen were 0.037% and 0.044%,respectively.The organic index and organic nitrogen in offshore were high,which indicated the risk of organic pollution.

关 键 词：湖滨带 表层沉积物 有机指数 有机氮 氮 磷 

分 类 号：X131.2[环境科学与工程—环境科学]