辛亥革命前后的“中华民族”概念  

The Concept of “Chinese Nation” before and after the 1911 Revolution

作　　者：都永浩[1] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省民族研究所所长

出　　处：《中国边疆史地研究》2012年第3期1-9,147,共9页China's Borderland History and Geography Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金“加强公民的民族认同感和国家认同感教育研究”(项目批准号:10BMZ008)阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：纵观辛亥革命前后"中华民族"概念的演变过程,始终与当时的民族主义革命和政治革命的运行轨迹相联系。辛亥革命前,资产阶级革命派的主要任务是推翻清朝的封建统治,建立现代民主国家,因而构建了"中华民族"概念,从当时的形势看,是必要的。改良派也把"中华民族"构建成汉族概念,并试图抹杀满、汉差异,目的是证明满族贵族封建统治的合法性。但无论是改良派还是革命派,其国家认同的基础都是"生物性的民族",然而从人类发展的趋势看,只有构建"超民族性"的公民国家,才能建立起牢固的国家认同。The evolution of the concept of 'Chinese Nation' was associated to the natio nal and political revolution before and after the 1911 Revolution.Before the 19 11 Revolution,the main task of the bourgeois revolutionists was to overturn the feudalism of the Qing Dynasty and establish a modern democratic country,thus 'C hinese Nation' was created,which was necessary under the situation.The Reformist s built 'Chinese Nation' based on the Han's concept(汉族概念),and tried to deny the differences between Manchu and Han to prove the legitimacy of the feudal ru le of the Manchu nobility.Either the reformists or the revolutionaries,the bas is of their national identity was 'bio-national' ('生物性的民族').However,w ith the trend of human development,only to build 'ultra-national' ('超民族性')civic nation,can the strong national identity be formed.

关 键 词：中华民族 辛亥革命 民族问题 国家认同 

分 类 号：K257[历史地理—历史学]