糯玉米杂交制种母本带叶去雄对产量的影响  

Influence of Emasculation of Female Parent with Leaves on Yield in Waxy Corn Hybrid Seed Production

作　　者：莫恩博[1] 赵仁贵[1] 李玉杰[1] 戴冬青[1] 赵思萌[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学农学院,吉林长春130118

出　　处：《园艺与种苗》2012年第8期81-83,共3页Horticulture & Seed

基　　金：吉林省科学技术厅项目(20090213);长春市科技计划项目(2011215)

摘　　要：【目的】研究和探索在糯玉米杂交制种中母本带叶去雄对制种产量和质量的影响，为糯玉米杂交种子生产提供理论依据。【方法】以吉林省主要种植的糯玉米品种垦粘1号、吉糯3号及京科糯2000的杂交亲本为材料，当各品种的母本植株旗叶长至15～20cm时，以不带叶去雄植株为对照，分别按照带1、2、3、4片叶进行去雄处理，对各母本的处理植株采用人工授粉，成熟时，分别收获，风干后进行考种和分析。[结果】不带叶去雄的杂交制种产量最高，分别为5013．9、4920．5、4722．8kg／hm2，随着去雄带叶片数量的增加依次减产。不带叶去雄的杂交种百粒重最高．分别为25．65、30．22、25．16g，随着带叶片去雄数量的增加依次减小.【结论】各杂交母本不带叶去雄的杂交种产量和百粒重最高，带1片叶去雄的次之，且与带1片叶去雄的母本在种子产量和百粒重性状上无显著差异，但是与带2片叶去雄、带3片叶去雄和带4片叶去雄的母本有显著差异.[Objeetive] The influence of emasculation of female parent with leaves on yields anti quality were studied in order to provide a theoretical basis fi）r waxy corn hybrid seed production. [Method] With the females of Kennian 1, Jinuo3 and Jingkenuo 2000 which were planted in a large area in Jilin Province as the subjects, the females were emasculated respeclively with 1, 2, 3 and 4 leaves compared to without leaf as CK when flag leaves were 15-20 cm long. The treated females were pollinated by hands. The natural air-drying seeds were texted after harvesting mature seeds. [Result] The yiehls of 3 females that were emasculated none leaf were the highest, which were 5 013.9, 4 920.5 and 4 722.8 kg/hm2. With the increase in the number of emasculated leaves, the yields decreased. The 100-grain weights of 3 females that were emasculated none leaf were the highest, which were 25.65, 30.22, 25.16 g. With the increase in the numl）er of emasculated leaves, the 100-grain weights decreased. [Conclusion] The vields and 100-grain weights of 3 females that were emasculated none leaf were the highest. Hybrid yiehts and 100-grain weights of those emasculated with one leaf had no significant difference with those emasculated without leaf. However, there was significant difference between those emasculated without leaf and those emasculated with 2, 3 and 4 leaves.

关 键 词：糯玉米 杂交种 带叶去雄 产量 百粒重 

分 类 号：S435[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]