加热炉炉管材质损伤机理及其金相检测  

THE MATERIAL DAMAGE MECHANISM AND THE METALLOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION OF THE HEATER TUBES

作　　者：樊钊[1] 陈伟民[1] 李杰[1] 徐伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]国核电站运行服务技术有限公司,上海200233

出　　处：《石油化工设备技术》2012年第4期31-35,70,共5页Petrochemical Equipment Technology

摘　　要：石化系统加热炉炉管常见的材质损伤机理,包括珠光体球化、石墨化、蠕变、σ相脆化、渗碳、脱碳、晶间腐蚀、渗氮和裂纹等,总结了上述损伤机理可能发生的条件及其危害,介绍了金相检测等技术在炉管材质损伤检测方面的应用。基于对加热炉炉管的现场金相检测经验,给出了五种典型炉管材质损伤的实际案例,并简要介绍了其应对措施。The material damage mechanisms of the heater tubes in petrochemical industry include pearlier spheroidization,graphitization,creep,Sigma phase embrittlement,carburization,decarburization,intergranular corrosion,nitriding and cracking,and so on.It summarizes the possible conditions for the occurrence of the damage mechanism mentioned above and their harm.The paper introduces the application of metallographic examination in checking material damage of the tubes.Based on the experience of the in-situ metallographic examination of the heater tubes,five practical cases of typical tube material damage are presented and the countermeasures are introduced briefly as well.

关 键 词：加热炉 炉管 材质损伤机理 金相检测 渗碳 蠕变 

分 类 号：TE963[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]