葡萄根系分泌物主效自毒物质的初步分离与鉴定  

Initial isolation and identification of the main toxic material in root exudation of Vitis vinifera

作　　者：郭修武[1] 李娜[1] 李坤[1] 郭印山[1] 李成祥[1] 谢洪刚[2] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学园艺学院,沈阳110866 [2]辽宁农业职业技术学院,辽宁营口115009

出　　处：《果树学报》2012年第5期861-866,I0002,共7页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系专项基金项目(CARS-30-yz-06);国家自然科学基金项目(31101503);辽宁省科技厅重大科技攻关项目(2011204001);教育部高校博士点专项资金项目(20112103120012);沈阳农业大学校青年教师基金项目(20101011)

摘　　要：【目的】为进一步分离鉴定葡萄根系分泌物中的主效自毒物质,【方法】采用不同极性的溶剂对其进行萃取,并通过气相色谱和质谱联用技术(GC-MS)对自毒作用较强的组分进行分离鉴定。【结果】结果表明,葡萄根系分泌物中三氯甲烷萃取相对葡萄组培苗的生长发育影响较大,经GC-MS分析得出该组分主要包括:烃类、酰胺类、苯类、吲哚类、芴酮类和吲嗪类,其中烃类的种类和相对百分含量最高,其次为酰胺类。从烷类中选取六甲基-环氧三硅烷作为参试物质,并通过组培苗试验与田间试验相结合的方法研究其自毒作用机制。【结论】随着处理浓度提高,其抑制作用增强,具体表现为葡萄植株地上、地下鲜质量和株高的降低、葡萄根系活力降低、叶绿素含量减少、光合速率下降及SOD活性降低。[Objective]For identifying the main toxic material in the root exudates of grape, [Method]the exudates wre extracted with different solvents and separated by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry （GC-MS）. [Results]The results indicated that chloroform extraction phase contained most allelochemicals which included hydrocarbon, amides, benzene, indoles, fluorenone and acridine. Among these compounds, the content of alkanes is the highest and followed by amide. One kind of substance in the chloroform extraction phase was tested to evaluate its effect on the growth and development of grape. [Conclusion] The toxic material inhibited the growth and development of plants in vitro as well as potted plants, the fresh weight of shoot and root, plant height, rate and the SOD activity were reduced, and the toxic material. root activity, the chlorophyll content, the photosynthetic effect of inhibition increased with the concentration of the toxic material.

关 键 词：葡萄 根系分泌物 自毒物质 萃取 气质联用 分离鉴定 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]