核小体定位的转录调控功能研究进展  

Transcriptional Regulation Functions of Nucleosome Positioning:a Survey

作　　者：刘辉[1] 壮子恒[1] 关佶红[2] 周水庚[3] 

机构地区：[1]常州大学制药与生命科学学院,常州213164 [2]同济大学计算机系,上海201804 [3]上海市智能信息处理重点实验室(复旦大学),上海200433

出　　处：《生物化学与生物物理进展》2012年第9期843-852,共10页Progress In Biochemistry and Biophysics

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)(2010CB126600);国家自然科学基金(31100954;61173118;61272380);上海市智能信息处理重点实验室开放研究计划(IIPL-2010-011);常州大学博士培养基金资助项目(CCZUPY1001)~~

摘　　要：核小体是真核生物染色质的基本组成单位,组蛋白八聚体在DNA双螺旋上精确位置称为核小体定位.核小体定位已被证实在基因转录调控、DNA复制与修复、调控进化等过程中扮演着重要的角色.随着染色质免疫共沉淀-芯片(ChIP-chip)与染色质免疫共沉淀-测序(ChIP-seq)等高通量技术的出现,已测定了多种模式生物全基因组核小体定位图谱,掀起了一股核小体定位及其功能的研究热潮,并取得了一定的成果.本文介绍了核小体定位的概念,总结了核小体在启动子与编码区域内定位的基本模式.在此基础上,综述了核小体定位在转录起始、转录延伸、基因表达模式多样化以及可变剪接等方面的功能研究进展.Nucleosome is the building unit of eukaryotic chromatin, the location of histone octamer on the DNA sequence is called nucleosome positioning. With the advent of high throughout technologies such as ChIP-chip and ChIP-seq. large-scale nucleosome positioning atlas of multiple model organisms have been measured, which attract many researchers to investigate nucleosome positioning and its functions on transcriptional regulation. In this paper, we first introduce the concept of nucleosome positioning and summarize the regular patterns of nucleosome positioning on genetic region, then review the major advances of functions of nucleosome positioning on transcriptional initiation, elongation, divergence of expression patterns and alternative splicing.

关 键 词：核小体定位 转录调控 可变剪接 基因表达 染色质 

分 类 号：Q34[生物学—遗传学] Q71