史迁笔法:定褒贬于论赞  

SIMA Qian’s Way of Writing: Appraisement Embodied in Praise

作　　者：李洲良[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨师范大学文学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150080 [2]大连民族学院中国多民族文学研究中心,辽宁大连116600

出　　处：《求是学刊》2012年第5期114-118,共5页Seeking Truth

基　　金：教育部人文社科基金项目"春秋笔法与中国文学的叙事传统";项目编号:07JA751027;中央高校资助基金重点项目"中国早期叙事的诗性特征与话语生成";项目编号:ZJ12RWZD001;外专局重点项目"春秋笔法与中国文学的叙事传统";项目编号:WZ2012014

摘　　要：从《左传》"君子曰"到《史记》"太史公曰",标志着史家从道德评价主题到历史评价主题的转变。《史记》论赞有显、隐之别。所谓显,或借仁人君子之义行壮举抒发敬仰之情;或书昏君权臣之暴行劣迹发泄怨愤之意;或述王朝更迭、世族盛衰以寄托兴亡之感;或对重大事件提要勾玄以探其成败之因;或深察人心向背以昭示民意之不可诬;或阐明写作本旨、书法义例以成其一家之言。所谓隐,或反话正说,似褒实贬;或侧笔反衬,寓有深意;或暗含影射,曲笔诛心;或言此意彼,绵里藏针。From ＂gentleman says＂ in Chronicle of Zuo to ＂Taishi Gong says＂ in Shih Chi, it indicates the transition from moral judgment subject to historical evaluation one. There is a difference between ＂obviousness＂ and ＂opaqueness＂ in the praise in Shih Chi. The obviousness refers to the respect by narrating the heroic deeds of the noble man, the disclosure of the atrocity of the fatuous emperor and the powerful ministers to release the hatred, the feeling towards the change of dynasties or the rise and fall of influential families, the exploration into major events, the revelation of the feeling of the people in face of different occurrences, or the aim of writing and type of examples. The opaqueness refers to the fact that the real intention of some negative statements reflect the depreciation in spite of the praise, the foil has deep meaning, the allusion results from twisted writing or the gentle statement embodies sharp criticism.

关 键 词：史迁笔法 论赞 褒贬 春秋笔法 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]