化学消油剂乳化效果影响因素研究  

Study on Influencing Factors of Chemical Oil Dispersant Emulsification

作　　者：包木太[1] 管丽君[1] 马爱青[2] 陈庆国[1] 王丽娜[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋化学理论与工程技术教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100 [2]中国石油化工股份有限公司胜利油田分公司采油工艺研究院,山东东营257000

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2012年第9期53-58,共6页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：山东省科技发展计划项目(2011GHY11522);国家海洋海洋局海洋溢油鉴别与损害评估技术重点实验室开放基金项目(201014;201104);青岛市应用基础研究计划(09-1-3-17-jch)资助

摘　　要：化学消油剂在溢油事故处理中起到重要的作用,而其使用效果受到多方面因素的影响。本文分别从原油、消油剂的不同配比(DOR)与环境因素(海水温度、盐度)方面,对4种消油剂(A,B,C,D)的乳化效果进行分析。结果表明,B类消油剂的乳化性能最好;为达到30s乳化率>60%、10min乳化率>20%的消油剂乳化标准,B类消油剂25℃时最佳DOR范围在0.30～0.35之间,20℃时DOR为0.45,15℃时DOR为0.5以上。消油剂的乳化效果受温度影响较大,而受盐度影响较小。本文为消油剂在海洋溢油中的合理使用,提供理论依据和技术支持。The chemical oil dispersants have played an important role in oil spill treatment,its using effect is influenced by various factors.In this paper,the emulsification efficiency of four chemical oil dispersants（A,B,C,D） were analyzed under the conditions of different dispersant oil ratio（DOR） and environmental factors（temperature,salinity）.The results showed that Dispersant B performed the best emulsification efficiency in the four dispersants.The Dispersant B can meet the emulsification standard in oil spills（The emulsification ratio resting for 30 s〉60% and the emulsification ratio resting for 10 min〉20%） when its DOR was 0.3~0.35 at 25 ℃,0.45 at 20 ℃ and over 0.5 at 17 ℃.The emulsification efficiency of dispersants were influenced considerably by temperature,while non-significantly by salinity.This paper can provide theoretical basis and technical support for the reasonable use of chemical oil dispersants in oil spills.

关 键 词：乳化 溢油 消油剂 

分 类 号：X550.7[环境科学与工程—环境工程]