厄尔尼诺/拉尼娜事件对山西省北部地区气候的影响  

Effects of El Nino/La Nina Events on Climate of Northern Shanxi Province

作　　者：祁子云[1] 赵景波[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院,陕西西安710062 [2]中国科学院地球环境研究所国家重点实验室,陕西西安710075

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2012年第4期97-101,共5页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学基地项目"西北典型地区水环境研究"(05JJD770014);国家自然科学基金项目"关中平原地区1000年来渭河洪水变化研究"(40571004)

摘　　要：通过对山西省北部50a来气象资料的搜集和整理,研究了厄尔尼诺/拉尼娜(El Nino—SouthernOscillation,ENSO)事件对山西省北部地区气候的影响。结果表明,大同、朔州、忻州地区厄尔尼诺事件发生年降水减少,平均气温降低,与正常年份相比年降水量分别减少了46.86,46.44和80.96mm,年平均气温分别降低了0.03,0.17和0.22℃;拉尼娜年降水减少,平均气温降低,与正常年份相比年降水量分别减少了21.27,26.32和25.30mm,平均气温分别降低了0.03,0.18和0.04℃,厄尔尼诺事件年平均气温变化与黄土高原相反。ENSO暖事件对山西省北部地区气温的影响具有从大同向朔州和忻州依次逐渐增强的特点,表明随着纬度的降低厄尔尼诺事件对气温的影响增强,对降水也有类似的影响。ENSO暖事件年发生旱灾的可能性较大,通常会给山西省北部地区的工农业生产带来不利影响。Based on the meteorological and historical data of the past 50 years in Northern Shanxi Province, the influence of ENSO（E1 Nino--Southern Oscillation）events on the climate of Northern Shanxi Province was studied. The results show that both annual total precipitation and annual average temperature decreased at the years of ENSO warming events（E1 Nino events） comparing to the normal years. In the areas of Datong, Suzhou~ and Qizhou City, annual total precipitation decreased for 46.83, 46.44, and 80.96 ram, and annual average temperature were reduced for 0.03, 0. 17, and 0.22 ~C, respectively. Similarly, both annual total precipitation and annual average temperature were lower, but less intensively, at the years of ENSO cold events（La Nina events） than the normal years. The annual total precipitation was 21.27, 26.32, and 25.30 mm lower, and annual average temperature was 0.03, 0.18, and 0.04 ~C lower, respectively in the three re- gions. The annual average temperature of the sudy area changed in a direction opposite to that of the Loess Plateau in the years of E1 Nino events. The influence of ENSO warming events on the temperature represen- ted an ascending trend as in the order of regions： Datong City~ Shuozhou City~ Xinzhou City, as the lati- tudes of the areas decreased. The ENSO warming events imposed a similar effect on annual total precipitati- on, increasing the probability of the occurrence of draught disasters and harming the industrial and agricul- tural productions in study area.

关 键 词：厄尔尼诺/拉尼娜 气候变化 影响强度 气象灾害 

分 类 号：P732[天文地球—海洋科学] P461.2