洛阳市大学生营养知识态度行为与膳食结构调查  

Knowledge,attitude and practice of nutrition and dietary pattern among university students in Luoyang

作　　者：吕姝焱[1] 张红珍[1] 赵毅飞[1] 葛文静[1] 白国岭[1] 马姗姗[1] 黄高雅[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学医学院,洛阳471003

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2012年第9期1056-1058,共3页Chinese Journal of School Health

摘　　要：目的了解洛阳市大学生营养知识、态度、行为与膳食结构状况,为开展大学生营养宣传教育提供科学依据。方法分层整群抽取洛阳市3所大学965名学生,运用健康教育KAP模型问卷调查大学生营养知识、态度、行为及营养意愿,计算各自得分。同时用简化膳食频率问卷结合称重法调查大学生膳食结构。结果医学食品科学类、理工类、师范类专业学生的营养知识平均得分分别为(18.32±3.06),(13.21±3.0),(15.02±3.44)分,膳食态度平均得分分别为(18.25±2.54),(9.58±2.65),(16.36±2.65)分,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05);膳食行为平均得分分别为(9.47±2.54),(8.25±2.65),(8.47±2.65)分,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同专业学生对营养知识的兴趣、营养重要性认识和是否愿意改变不良饮食习惯方面差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。大学生膳食结构除粮谷类和蛋类外,其余类别的食物摄入量均低于膳食宝塔的要求;男生水果和奶类摄入量低于女生,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。结论应对大学生加强营养健康教育,形成科学的膳食认知和结构。Objective To investigate knowledge, attitude and practice about nutrition and dietary patterns among university students in Luoyang, so as to provide evidence for implementing nutrition and health education. Methods A total of 965 students of three universities in Luoyang were chosen as study objects, by the method of random stratified sampling and cluster sam- piing. Their knowledge, attitudes and practices about nutrition was investigated by KAP model questionnaire. Some desire survey of nutrition were added to the questionnaire, including interest to nutrition, importance of dietary and aspirations of changing bad diet habits, meanwhile, investigating dietary patterns by the simple food-frequency questionnaire （ FFQ25 ） weighing method. Results The average scores of knowledge in medicine-food majors, teaching majors, polytechnic majors were118.32 ± 3.06） , 113.21 ± 3.0） and （15.02 ± 3.44 ） ; The average scores of attitudes in medicine-food majors, teaching majors, polytechnic majors were （ 18.25 ± 2.541 , { 9.58 ± 2.65 ） and （ 16.36 ±2.65 1. There were significant differences among different majors in knowledge and attitudes （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The average scores of practices in medicine-food majors, teaching majors, polytechnic majors were （9.47 ± 2.54 ） , （ 8.25 ± 2.65 ） and （ 8.47 ± 2.65 ） , there were no significant differences between different majors in practice { P 〉 0.05 ）. There were obvious differences among different majors about desire survey of nutrition （P 〈 0.05）. Among the results of university students＂ dietary patterns, only cereal grains met requirements of dietary pagoda of adult in China, others were lower than requirements of dietary pagoda. As to fruits and milks intake, there were significant differences among different genders （ P 〈 0.05 ）, males lower than females. Conclusion It is necessary to implement nutrition and health education and form scientific dietary cognition and dietary patterns.

关 键 词：营养状况 健康知识 态度 实践 饮食习惯 学生 

分 类 号：G497[文化科学—教育学] B848.4[文化科学—教育技术学]