昭苏马场季节草地牧草经济类群营养成分初步分析  

Preliminary Analysis of Forage Economic Groups Nutrient Contents in Seasonal Pasture of Zhaosu Horse Farm

作　　者：李超[1] 安沙舟[1] 周小丽 范天文 李海 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院,新疆草地资源与生态重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆伊犁州草原站,新疆伊宁835600 [3]新疆昭苏马场草原站,新疆昭苏835602

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2012年第9期1681-1687,共7页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆现代化畜牧业试验与示范项目"伊犁河谷现代畜牧业试验示范研究"

摘　　要：【目的】测定昭苏马场春秋草场、夏草场、冬草场牧草不同经济类群营养成分,确定草群的营养价值,为合理配置草地资源提供理论依据。【方法】采用常规分析方法,测定不同利用方式下不同季节牧场牧草的粗灰分、粗纤维、粗脂肪、粗蛋白和无氮浸出物含量。【结果】春秋草地牧草营养成分含量:粗蛋白含量在传统放牧方式下最高;粗脂肪平均含量以围栏内利用方式下牧草经济类群的粗脂肪含量最高;粗灰分含量围栏外最高。夏草地牧草营养成分含量:粗蛋白含量围栏内利用方式偏低;粗脂肪含量围栏外>围栏内;粗纤维含量围栏内>围栏外;牧草经济类群中粗纤维含量均低于25%;粗灰分含量围栏外>围栏内。冬草地牧草营养成分含量:粗蛋白含量豆科草最高;粗脂肪含量以杂类草最高;其粗纤维含量均高于25%,并以杂类草含量最低;粗灰分含量鸭茅最高。【结论】围栏外利用方式下草地营养略好于围栏内利用方式下草地营养;春秋草地和夏草地各利用方式下牧草营养成分的平均含量之间均未表现差异显著(P<0.05)和差异极显著(P<0.01)水平。[ Objective]This study aimed ot determine the nutrient contents of forage groups in Springautumn pasture, Summer pasture and winter pasture of Zhaosu Horse Farm. [ Method ] The content of ash （Ash）, crude fiber（CF） , crude fat（ EE）, crude protein（CP） and nitrogen free extract were measured by the method of regular analysis. [ Result] The content of crude protein among all forage nutrients in Spring -autumn pasture under the pattern of traditional grazing is the highest. The average content of crude fat of forage economic groups inside fences is the highest. The content of crude ash outside fences is the highest. The content of forage nutrients in Summer pasture shows ： the content of crude protein inside fences is relatively low ; the content of crude fat outside fences is higher than that inside fences ; The content of crude fiber inside fences is higher than that outside fences and the content of crude fiber of forage economic groups are all below 25% ; the content of crude ash outside fences is higher than that inside fences. The content of nutritional components of forage under different utilizations in Winter pasture shows： the content of crude protein of leguminous grass is the highest ; the content of crude fat of forbs is the highest; the content of crude fiber is all above 25% and is the lowest in forbs. The content of crude ash of cooksfoot is the highest. [ Conclusion] Grassland nutrition under the patterns without fences is a bit better than that inside fences. The average content of forage nutrients under different use patterns in Spring - autumn pasture and Winter pasture showed no significant difference（ P 〈 0.05 ） or extremely significant difference（ P 〈 0.01 ）.

关 键 词：牧草 营养成分 季节利用 昭苏马场 

分 类 号：S812.8[农业科学—草业科学]