农村混合物料干式厌氧发酵物性变化中试研究  

Pilot Study on Dry-Anaerobic Digestion of Rural Organic Solid Waste

作　　者：方少辉[1,2] 席北斗[2,3] 杨天学[2,3] 朱琨[1] 刘亚茹[1,2] 常霄静[2] 夏训峰[2] 

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]中国环境科学研究院水环境系统工程研究室,北京100012 [3]武汉大学资源与环境科学学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2012年第9期1005-1010,共6页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2012BAJ21B07)

摘　　要：为解决分散性及混杂性的农村有机固体废物的无害化、减量化处理及资源化利用问题,利用干式厌氧发酵技术与装置,将畜禽粪便、果蔬垃圾和秸秆等混合物料进行干式厌氧发酵处理,并对pH和有机质类TS、VS、CODCr、(DOC)及NH4+-N浓度进行了检测.结果表明:农村有机固废混合物料干式厌氧发酵起始阶段的pH为7.2,于第7天逐渐降至最低值(6.3),之后又逐渐上升至系统稳定,最后在7.0～7.6之间波动.厌氧发酵物料TS和VS经厌氧发酵后被消耗,二者去除率分别为58.3%和65.4%.厌氧发酵运行过程中物料w(DOC)由11 000 mg/kg降至6 095 mg/kg,去除率为44.6%,发酵液中ρ(CODCr)由初始的11 700 mg/L降至结束时的2 870 mg/L,CODCr去除率达75.5%.50 d后w(DOC)和ρ(CODCr)保持稳定.The aim of this research was to analyze the substance variation in pilot tests during the rural organic solid waste dry-anaerobic digestion process. The experimental materials were mixed with straw, garbage and livestock wastes. The organic testing parameters were linked to traditional parameters such as pH, total solids （TS） , volatile solids （VS）, chemical oxygen demand （CODcr）, dissolved organic carbon （DOC） and ammonia nitrogen （NH4 ＋-N）. The results indicated that pH in the reaction system was 7.2 initially, then decreased to 6.3 on the seventh day, and finally was maintained at 7.0-7.6. TS and VS of the substance decreased after digestion, with the degradation rates of TS and VS reaching 58.3% and 65.4% , respectively. DOC decreased from 11,000 mg/kg in the starting phase to 6,095 mg/kg in the final phase, with a degradation rate of 44.6%. CODcr from the fermentation liquor decreased from 11,700 mg/L in the starting phase to 2,870 mg/L in the final phase, with a degradation rate of 75.5%. After 50 days, the contents of DOC and CODcr were kept stable in the fermentation reactor.

关 键 词：农村有机固体废物 干式厌氧发酵 产甲烷菌 

分 类 号：X71[环境科学与工程—环境工程]