程海藻类植物种群结构和数量的周年变化特征  

Annual variation of the community structure and quantity of algae in Chenghai Lake

作　　者：董云仙[1] 谭志卫[1] 朱翔[1] 郭艳英 金玉[3] 

机构地区：[1]云南省环境科学研究院,云南昆明650034 [2]昆明市滇池生态研究所,云南昆明650228 [3]云南省环境监测中心站,云南昆明650034

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2012年第7期1289-1295,共7页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：云南省科技计划项目(2009CA002和2011CA008)

摘　　要：2009年10月—2010年9月,在程海湖设置了3个断面9个采样点,对程海藻类植物进行了逐月采样调查。结果表明：程海藻类植物种类175种（变种）,种类组成结构特点以硅藻、绿藻、蓝藻为主;数量组成结构特点则是蓝藻占绝对优势,表现出典型的富营养化蓝藻型特征。细胞丰度为390.16×104~51 435.0×104个.L-1之间,年平均4 851.75×104个.L-1。年内时间分布呈现出3次波峰与3次波谷,每一次高峰的出现都伴随着不同种类为主的蓝藻水华暴发;水平分布在种类上无明显差异,数量上则表现出南部断面最低,中部断面次之,北部断面最高;垂直分布以表层最多,底层最低,5.0~20.0 m水柱中差异不明显。与1985年相比,种类组成中硅藻比重下降而蓝绿藻比重上升,一些对环境敏感的种类消失,优势种群发生演变,年内数量变动由单峰型发展为多峰型,湖泊富营养化进一步发展。提出了大力削减入湖污染物、增强湖泊生态系统的功能等控制富营养化的对策建议。Posted 3 sections,9 sampling spot in Chenghai lake,and surveyed Algae month by month,from October,2009 to September,2010.The results indicated that,there＇s 175 species and mutation of Algae in Chenghai lake,in which they are mainly diatom,chlorophyta and cyanophytes;Cyanophytes is dominate in quantity and shown typical eutrophication feature of cyanophytes.Abundance of cell is between 390.16×104cells.L-1and 51435.0×104cells.L-1,while annual average is 4851.75×104cells.L-1.It shows 3 peak and trough times in one year.Every peak is accompanied by a burst of water bloom,with different dominated cyanophytes species.As per horizontal distribution,there＇s no significant difference in species;while the quantity shows minimum in south section,second in central section,and maximum in north section.As for vertical distribution,there＇s maximum in surface layer,minimum in bottom,while no significant difference in water 5.0 m-20 m.Contrast to 1985,in species composition,diatom＇s occupation is decreased and cyanophytes is increased;some species,sensitive to environment,are disappeared;dominate species are changed;quantity variation transformed from unimodal to multimodal distribution;eutrophication goes to further expansion.The article introduced acountermeasures to cut down pollutions into the lake further and improve the lake ecosystem,to control Eutrophication.

关 键 词：藻类植物 群落结构 数量 变化特征 程海 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]