汉语中焦点与重音的对应关系——基于语料库的初步研究  

The Relationship between Focus and Accent in Mandarin: an Exploratory Study Based on Corpus

作　　者：赵建军[1,2] 杨晓虹[2] 杨玉芳[2] 吕士楠[3] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学语言科技研究所,南京210097 [2]中国科学院心理研究所脑与认知科学国家重点实验室,北京100101 [3]中国科学院声学研究所,北京100080

出　　处：《语言研究》2012年第4期55-59,共5页Studies in Language and Linguistics

基　　金：江苏省博士后科研资助项目"汉语语音合成中的重音事件预测"(1002068C);中国博士后科学基金面上资助项目"利用丰富的语言学信息预测语音合成中的重音事件"(20110491445);教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目"利用丰富的语言学信息预测语音合成中的重音事件"(11YJC740153);江苏高校哲学社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"现代汉语元语言系列词典"(2010JDXM022)

摘　　要：文章通过30篇自然叙事语篇,在焦点和重音确定的基础上,经过统计分析,对焦点与重音的对应关系进行探讨。结果主要发现:在朗读语篇中,绝大多数焦点都会被重读,但重读程度有差异,只有大约一半的焦点会获得强重音。句末信息焦点重读概率达88%。宽焦点中重音分布的基本规则是:联合式短语以等重为主;主谓、述宾、述补短语以后重为主;定中和状中短语以前重为主。这表明,汉语中重音是表现焦点的重要手段,而不是句法手段的一种补偿。宽焦点中重音的分布规则跟常规重音的分布规则基本上是一致的。Through exploring a corpus of 30 natural narrative discourses, identifying the focus and accent in the corpus, and conducting statistical analysis, the present study aimed to investigate the corresponding relationship between focus and accent. It was found that in read aloud discourses, most foci were accented. However, there were also differences between the prominence of the accents, only about half of the foci were perceived as main accent~ About 88% of the sentence-final information loci were accented. The main patterns of accent distribution in broad focus were： in parallel phrase, the main pattern was that the degree of stress was equal between the two words; in Subject-predicate phrase, verb ＋ object phrase, and verb-complement phrase, the main pattern was that the degree of stress of the latter word was higher than the former ; in attribute-head phrase and adverb-head phrase the main pattern was that the degree of stress of the former word was higher than the latter o These findings suggest that in Mandarin, accent serves as an important device to convey focus rather than a compensation of syntax device. Moreover, the distribution patterns of accent in broad focus are basically consistent with the distribution patterns of normal accent.

关 键 词：焦点 重音 对应关系 语料库 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]