关于牛河梁第二地点一号冢墓葬出土玉器的解读——东北古夷玉巫教探析  

A Study of Jade Witch Worship in Ancient Northeast China from The Jade Articles Unearthed from The Tombs of Mound 1 of Locality 2 at Niuheliang

作　　者：杨伯达[1] 

机构地区：[1]故宫博物院

出　　处：《故宫博物院院刊》2012年第5期52-72,160,共21页Palace Museum Journal

摘　　要：牛河梁第二地点一号冢分为东西两区,共26墓,其出土玉器分别代表牛河梁猪灵、鸮灵、云灵崇拜的原生玉巫教与黄帝"云纪"、少皞"鸟纪"等众多玉巫教的各支派系的联合体,并未形成统一的、集权的顶级发展阶段的巫教。同时,牛河梁又是东北古夷玉巫教的圣地。There are 26 tombs altogether spreading in the east and west areas within Mound 1 of Locality 2 at Niuheliang. It is studied in this paper that the jade articles unearthed from the tombs just represent get-together of the native jade witch worships of pig, owl and cloud with the sects of ‘yun ji’ and ‘niao ji’ in the periods of Huangdi and Shaohao who adored jade respectively, not a unified and centralized witch worship to be formed at its peak of development. This locality was regarded as the saint place for the ancient Yi (i.e. ancient united tribes or ethnic groups) who had jade witch worship in Northeast China.

关 键 词：云纪 鸟纪 猪灵、鸮灵崇拜 玉勾云形器 玉鹄 玉觋像 玉龙凤佩 玉双鸮佩 

分 类 号：K876.8[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]