新疆维吾尔自治区地方医院眼科资源的现况调查  

Investigation of ophthalmic resources in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in China

作　　者：麦尔当·艾力木[1] 买买提·牙森 刘黎明[3] 甫拉提·阿布都热衣木[3] 沙英[3] 孙勇[3] 丁琳[3] 古丽巴哈尔·卡德尔[1] 杨波[3] 曹明芹 

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学公共卫生学院,乌鲁木齐830011 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区卫生厅 [3]新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院眼科 [4]卫生统计教研室

出　　处：《中华眼科杂志》2012年第9期811-814,共4页Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology

摘　　要：目的了解新疆维吾尔自治区眼科资源发展现况和存在的问题，为其合理配置提供科学依据。方法以人群为基础的横断面调查。2010年1至12月对新疆维吾尔自治区已注册的公立及非公立的眼科医疗机构（含五官科）进行问卷普查。调查内容包括：（1）眼科医疗机构的单位名称、结构类型、科室构成；（2）眼科医疗工作情况；（3）眼科卫生技术人员数及分布；（4）眼科设备情况；（5）目前开展眼科工作遇到的问题和困难。采用描述性统计方法，分析眼科资源的结构比、资源的利用度；对不同地区、不同类型眼科医疗机构进行对比分析。结果共发放调查问卷130份，回收110份，其中有效问卷107份，有效率97．27％。新疆维吾尔自治区有眼科医疗机构107个，眼科床位1709张，眼科卫技人员1672名，其中眼科医师525名（专职眼科医师379名、五官科兼职医师146名），医护比为1．0：1．3。眼科医疗机构资源在天山北坡经济区较多，而东疆经济区较少；眼科资源较集中于县级以上综合医院；2010年被调查医院开展眼科手术43580例，眼科手术主要以白内障手术为主（20303例），占46．59％。结论新疆维吾尔自治区眼科医疗资源的地区分布差异明显，主要集中在县级以上综合医院；应充分利用现有的眼科资源，加强县级以上医院学科带头人的培养，针对性输入和重点培养县级医院眼科医务人员，提高防盲治盲的工作效率，使眼科医疗服务的社会效益最大化。Objectives To explore ophthalmic resources and existing problems in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, and to provide reasonable developing configuration for the future. Methods It was a population-based cross-section study. By using questionnaire to collect data from all eye units （ national and private） which were registered in Xinjiang area. Investigation included： （ 1 ） ophthalmic medical unit of name, structure type, departments constitute; （2） the ophthalmic medical work; （3） the number of ophthalmology health technicians and distribution ; （ 4 ） ophthalmic devices usage ; （ 5 ） carry out the problems and difficulties encountered in ophthalmic work. Descriptive statistic method was used to analyze the struture of ophthalmic material, the availability of resource, the medical institution of different regions and types. Results One hundred and thirty questionnaire were filled out and 110 questionnaire were recovery. There were 107 eye units, 1709 beds for ophthalmic, 1672 employees, including 525 doctors, the ratio of doctors and nurses was 1.0： 1.3. And the ophthalmic resources mainly distributed in northern Tianshan, very few in the eastern area in Xinjiang;ophthalmie units were denser in general hospitals which were above the county level. There were 43 580 ophthalmic surgeries in all, the main eye operation carried out was cataract surgery, including 20 303 （ counted 46. 59% ） cataract operation. Conclusions The ophthalmic units distribution is unbalanced, which is short of ophthalmologists. It provides base for government to arrange ophthalmic resources reasonably, to enhance the research motivation and to cultivate more professors, and to increase the number of ophthalmic specialists in the general hospitals, and eventually to maximize the benefit of ophthalmic service in Xinjiang.

关 键 词：盲 问卷调查 新疆 

分 类 号：R77[医药卫生—眼科]