试论明清时期文学名著的“集评”现象  

On the Phenomenon of Variorums about the Famous Literary Works in the Ming and Qing Dynasties

作　　者：曾绍皇[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学文学院,长沙410081

出　　处：《复旦学报（社会科学版）》2012年第5期59-70,共12页Fudan Journal（Social Sciences）

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"明清时期未刊文学评点的整理与研究"(项目批准号:06JJD75011-44005);湖南省社科评审委课题"杜诗未刊评点的整理与研究"(项目批准号:1011244B)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：明清时期,有关文学名著的"集评"之作大量涌现,这是文学评点全面繁盛的重要标志。"集评"诞生之始,与"汇评"、"合评"、"辑评"、"评林"等概念呈现混用、交叉的状况。"集评"的发生在版式形态上借鉴了文学经典注疏的"集注"体例、"大全"类书籍的编刊手段等成熟的操作方式,明代出版文化政策的调整、书坊主出于谋利的营销策略和迎合读者心理的市场定位,则成为"集评"之作不断涌现的重要文化背景和外在条件。集评本具有明显的文本优势:便于比较诸家评点,提高文本的受众影响力,辅助读者深入理解文本内涵,具有批评之批评的批评史学意义等。当然,"集评"之作也因自身体例的局限,往往导致文本繁冗、辑录的评点与原始批点讹异等客观缺陷。In the Ming and Qing Dynasties there appeared a large number of variorums about famous literary works,which was one of the important symbols of the full prosperity of literary comments.Upon the birth of variorums,there was a mixed and crossing use of concepts such as ＂hui ping,＂ ＂he ping,＂ ＂ji ping,＂ and ＂ping lin.＂ The variorums have drawn from the mature operation of edition,such as the variorum style of the annotation on literary classics and the editing methods of summa books.The adjustment of the publishing policy,the presses’ marketing strategies for commercial profits and the market demand were the major cultural backgrounds for the glaring rising of variorums.The variorums have obvious text advantages.For instance,they provide easy comparison between various comments,improve the influence of texts among readers,assist readers in further understanding of texts,and demonstrate its significance of criticism above other literary criticisms.Variorum editions may also have their own style limitations,which lead to burdensome texts and differences between the compiled comments and the original ones.

关 键 词：“集评” 文学名著 杜诗评点 钱陆燦 

分 类 号：I207.22[文学—中国文学]