流沙湾养殖华贵栉孔扇贝体色多态性研究  

Study on body-color polymorphism of Chlamys nobilis in Liusha Bay

作　　者：欧燕燕[1] 刘志刚[1] 刘锦上 

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学水产学院,广东湛江524088 [2]湛江银浪海洋生物技术有限公司,广东湛江524025

出　　处：《南方水产科学》2012年第5期15-24,共10页South China Fisheries Science

基　　金：国家星火计划项目(2011GA780001);广东省科技计划项目(2010B020201014);广东省教育厅项目(GCZX-A0909)

摘　　要：对雷州半岛西部流沙湾养殖的华贵栉孔扇贝(Chlamys nobilis)群体进行了体色多态性研究。结果显示,在调查的10个苗种来源不同、总抽样数量为5 954个个体的养殖群体中,壳色可分为6类,分别是橘黄色(62.31%)、枣褐色(14.51%)、紫白色(12.46%)、橘黄间紫色(6.43%)、紫顶枣褐色(3.46%)和黄顶紫黄色(0.82%);6类壳色群体的闭壳肌颜色均存在白、黄2色,且白色比例均显著高于黄色,其中黄色闭壳肌比例最高的是橘黄色(18.79%);华贵栉孔扇贝成熟的生殖腺颜色分为黄、乳白2色,分别代表雌性和雄性,性比与闭壳肌颜色相关。研究表明,华贵栉孔扇贝壳色以橘黄色为主(P<0.05),闭壳肌颜色以白色为主(P<0.05);壳色与闭壳肌颜色存在一定的相关性,带"黄"壳色个体黄色闭壳肌比例较高(P<0.05);黄色闭壳肌群体雌性比例显著高于雄性(P<0.01)。We studied the body-color polymorphism of cultured Chlamys nobilis populations in Liusha Bay, Leizhou Peninsula. The results show that there are 5 954 individuals from 10 different groups of different seed sources whose shell colors can be classified into 6 categories [orange （62.31%）, bordeaux-brown （14.51%）, purple-white （12.46%）, orange-purple （6.43%）, purple-bordeaux-brown （3.46%）and orange-purple-yellow （0.82%）]. The adductors of all categories have 2 colors （white and yellow） with significantly more white than yellow, and the highest ratio for yellow adductor is orange （18.79%）. The gonads of mature C.nobilis has 2 colors of yellow （female） and ivory （male）. The sex ratio is correlated with the color of adductor. It is revealed that orange is the primary shell color （P〈0.05） while white is the primary adductor color （P〈0.05） for C.nobilis; the colors of shell and adductor have certain relationship; individuals with yellow shell color have higher ratio of yellow adductor （P〈0.05）; the ratio of female is significantly higher than male for population with yellow adductor （P〈0.01）.

关 键 词：华贵栉孔扇贝 壳色 闭壳肌 生殖腺 多态性 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]