早期建立人工气道干预脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者预后的效果评价  

Evaluating of Application effects of early trachea intubatton in the Patients whith Dysphagia after Cerebral Apoplexy

作　　者：罗天玉[1] 杨艳 王青丽[3] 向克兰[3] 张红梅[1] 李敬宁[1] 马小萍[1] 徐雯[3] 

机构地区：[1]湖北省枝江市人民医院,443200 [2]湖北省枝江市妇幼保健院 [3]湖北省宜昌市第一人民医院

出　　处：《国际护理学杂志》2012年第10期1785-1787,共3页international journal of nursing

摘　　要：目的观察急性脑血管病吞咽障碍患者早期建立人工气道对改善预后的应用效果。方法用吞咽筛选试验将入院的急性脑血管病中有吞咽功能障碍的151例患者，随机分成观察组（气管导管组）和对照组（常规治疗组），观察两组患者吞咽功能障碍改善情况，窒息、吸入性肺炎的发生率、病程、治愈率和死亡率。结果观察组窒息和吸人性肺炎的发生率比对照组明显降低（P〈0．01）。2周后，两组患者吞咽功能障碍改善情况无统计学差异，1个月后，观察组死亡2例，对照组死亡12例，具有显著性差异（P〈0．01）；观察组吞咽能力恢复也明显高于对照组（P〈0．05）。两组住院时间比较有统计学差异（P〈0．01）。结论早期经鼻气管插管建立人工气道，加强气道管理以及营养支持的护理干预急性脑血管病后吞咽障碍的患者的预后，能有效降低吸人性肺炎和窒息的发生率，恢复吞咽能力，缩短患者的病程，提高治愈率，降低死亡率。Objective To Observe the Evaluating of Application effects of＂ early trachea intubatton in the Patients whith Dysphagia after Cerebral Apoplexy. Methods 151 cases of acute cerebrovascular disease dysphagia patients are tested by swallowing screening, divide them into two groups by random, observation group （endotracheal tube group） and control group （conventional treatment group）, observed in patients with swallowing dysfunction to improve the situation, suffocation and the incidence of aspiration pneumonia and mortality. Results After 2 weeks, two groups of patients with swallowing dysfunction were observed no significant difference in the improvement, Asphyxia and the observation group the incidence of aspiration pneumonia was significantly lower than the control group （ P 〈 0. 01 ）, Observation group, 2 patients died, Control group, 12 patients died , Significant difference （P 〈0. 01 ） . One month later, Observation group was sig- nificantly higher cure rate （ P 〈 O. 05 ） ; Ability to restore the observation group was significantly higher in swallowing （ P 〈 0. 05 ） . Conclu- sions Dysphagia after acute cerebrovascular disease in patients with early nasal intubation trachea intubatton, Strengthen the management of airway care and nutritional support, reduce aspiration pneumonia and the incidence of asphyxia effectively, Shorten the course of disease, raise the cure rate.

关 键 词：脑卒中 吞咽困难 气管插管 护理 

分 类 号：R472[医药卫生—护理学]