纵隔支气管囊肿的CT诊断  

Bronchogenic cysts of the mediastinum:CT findings in 30 cases

作　　者：赵世俊[1] 唐威[1] 吴宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院、北京协和医学院、肿瘤医院影像诊断科,北京100021

出　　处：《癌症进展》2012年第5期440-444,共5页Oncology Progress

摘　　要：目的探讨纵隔支气管囊肿的CT表现特点,旨在提高对该病影像表现的认识。方法回顾性分析2005～2011年经手术及病理组织学证实的30例纵隔支气管囊肿患者的CT资料。结果 19例位于中纵隔,6例位于后纵隔,5例位于前纵隔;囊肿最大径1.7～13.0 cm,平均5.2 cm;29例呈圆形或椭圆形,1例呈管状;13例呈水样密度,17例呈软组织密度;2例可见囊壁钙化。术前诊断符合率60%(18/30)。结论纵隔支气管囊肿的CT表现具有一定特征性,对于CT表现为软组织密度的囊肿,CT平扫加增强扫描对揭示其囊性特征具有重要价值。Objective To characterize the computed tomographic （CT） features of mediastinal bronchogenic cysts. Methods We retrospectively reviewed 30 adult patients with histopathologically proved mediastinal bronchogenie cysts in our institution fiom January 2005 to December 2011. There were 12 male and 18 female patients with an age range from 24 to 65 years （average 45.5 years）. The clinical presentation and CT findings of these patients were analyzed. Results Of the 30 patients, 16 patients （53%） were symptolnatic with cough （ n = 7）, chest pain （ n = 4） , dyspnea （ n = 4 ） , back pain （ n = 3） and dysphagia （n = 1 ）. 3 patients had more than one symptom. Of the 30 cysts, 19 （63%） were located in the middle mediastinum, 6 （20%） in the posterior mediastinum, and 5 （ 17% ） in the anterior mediastinum. Maximal cyst diameter ranged from 1.7 to 13.0 cm, wi（h an average of 5.2 era. All cysts were smooth, well-defined, uniloeular masses with round/oval （ n = 29） or tubular shape （ n = 1 ）. On CT scans, 13 cysts （43%） presented as water attenuation （0 - 20 HU ） and 17 （57%） presented as soft-tissue attenuation （ 〉 20 HU）. Calcifications of the cyst wall were observed in 2 ea- ses. Based on CT findings, preoperative diagnosis of bronchogenie cyst was made in 18 cases （60%）. Conclusion On CT scans, mediastinal bronchogenic cysts typically presented as smooth, well-defined, round or oval masses with soft-tissue attenuation or water attenuation. CT scan with and without contrast can be useful for differentiating these problematic soft- tissue attenuation cysts from mediastinal neoplasia.

关 键 词：支气管囊肿 纵隔 计算机化断层显像 

分 类 号：R734.5[医药卫生—肿瘤] R730.44[医药卫生—临床医学]