南京地区大棚茶园小气候特征及对茶青产量和品质效应  

Microclimate characteristics and its effect on yield and quality of tea green in plastic greenhouse tea garden in Nanjing Region

作　　者：殷剑美[1] 张培通[1] 韩晓勇[1] 彭琦[1] 郭文琦[1] 张恒友[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院经济作物研究所,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2012年第5期830-835,共6页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：江苏省农业科技自主创新资金[SCX(11)3022];国家星火计划项目(2008GA691001)

摘　　要：为了研究大棚茶园小气候特征及其对茶青产量和品质的影响,在南京市高淳县桥李茶场,连续2年对露天茶园、大棚盖防虫网、大棚盖防虫网+遮阳网处理茶园的生态环境(包括光照强度、温湿度和土壤含水量等指标)、茶青产量及各项品质生化指标(包括氨基酸、咖啡碱、茶多酚、叶绿素)进行了测定,结果表明,大棚茶园2个处理的光照强度显著降低,温度相对稳定;全年各产茶季节的茶青总产量增加;春茶和夏秋茶茶青的氨基酸、叶绿素含量均提高,咖啡碱、茶多酚含量则表现为春茶降低而夏秋茶提高。大棚覆盖遮阳网有利于茶叶品质的提高,尤其是夏秋茶产量和品质各指标均提高,但对春茶和明前茶产量有一定影响。大棚茶园应提倡春茶生产季节不盖遮阳网,夏秋季茶生产季节加盖遮阳网。In order to study the microclimate characteristics of plastic greenhouse tea garden and its effect on yield and quality of tea green, experiments were carried out with three modes of tea garden which were normal tea garden, plastic greenhouse tea garden with insect prevention net and plastic greenhouse tea garden with insect prevention net and shade cloths, to determine the ecological environment factors of tea gardens （ including the illumination, relative humidity, temperature and soil moisture content）, yield and biochemical indicators of tea green （ including amino acid, theine, tea polyphenol, chlorophyll） in constant two years in Qiaoli Tea Garden, Gaochun, Nanjing. The resuits showed that the temperature were comparatively stabile in plastic greenhouse tea gardens, but the illumination was lower and the yield of tea green increased. The amino acids and chlorophyll contents of tea green in spring, sum- mer and autumn were increased, but the theine and tea polyphenol contents were decreased in spring tea green and increased in summer and autumn tea green. The plastic greenhouse with shade cloths can improve tea quality, especially, the yield and quality of summer and autumn tea, but was unfavorable to the tea green yield of spring and before Tomb-sweeping Day. So the plastic greenhouse should be covered without shade cloths in spring and with it in summer and autumn.

关 键 词：大棚茶园 小气候特征 茶青产量和品质 南京地区 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]