卫生信息标准化:从整理数据元到构建语义模型  

Health Information Standardization: from Data Element to Semantic Model

作　　者：刘丹红[1] 王霞[1] 徐勇勇[1] 杨喆[1] 

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学卫生信息研究所,西安市710032

出　　处：《中国卫生信息管理杂志》2012年第4期7-12,共6页Chinese Journal of Health Informatics and Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(项目编号:81171427)

摘　　要：以数据采集、汇总和统计分析为主要目的的卫生信息标准化始于数据项的整理,是在特定应用背景上为数据建立统一、规范的定义和表示。为了实现信息共享和语义互操作,数据标准化需要在通用背景上构建语义模型,通过建立类的层次结构、定义类的属性、规范数据类型,提炼出通用的数据元素,并在模型的框架下,制定出脱离特定应用背景的标准化数据定义和表示方法。这种标准化方法有利于建立和完善卫生信息标准体系,可促进数据标准的有序性、稳定性、可维护性和标准化工作的可持续性。我国卫生信息标准化可在总结和借鉴的基础上,逐步将重点从形式(具体的数据)转移到内容(抽象的语义),实现从整理数据到规范语义的过渡。For the purposes of data collection, aggregation and analysis, data standardization is concentrated on data items, which provides unified definition and representation for data items on specific contexts. In order to enable information sharing and interoperability, data standardization needs a semantic model from a general perspective, under which data to be standardized are identified by building a hierarchical structure of classes, defining the attributes of these classes, and assigning data types for every attributes. Thus, data standardization is based on a general semantic context rather than specific ones the data are applied. Such an approach facilitates clarifying the relationships between data standards, keeping data standards manageable, and promoting sustainable development of standardization. Based on domestic and international experience, health information standardization of China is recommended to transit its focus from specific data items to general semantics beyond the data.

关 键 词：标准化 卫生信息 数据元 语义 信息模型 

分 类 号：R-058[医药卫生]