锡林河流域地表水痕量元素的时空分布  

Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Trace Elements in Surface Water in the Xilin River Basin

作　　者：薛丽洋[1] 吴锦奎[2,3] 张明泉[1] 丁永建[2] 叶柏生[2] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学资源环境学院,兰州730000 [2]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所生态水文与流域科学重点实验室,兰州730000 [3]吉森大学景观生态与资源管理研究所

出　　处：《环境科学》2012年第10期3417-3425,共9页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(41130638;41030527);德国科学基金项目(FG 536)

摘　　要：为更好地理解锡林河流域水文循环过程,在2006～2008年锡林河主要径流期内13个河水断面(10个位于锡林河干流,3个位于3条支流)取得的248个水样,应用高分辨电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)进行了Al、As等20种痕量元素的分析测定,利用分析结果对流域内痕量元素时空分布特征进行了分析.结果表明,锡林河河水中痕量元素平均质量浓度大部分在0.1～10μg.L-1之间;大多数痕量元素浓度值介于大气降水和地下水之间,并且十分接近地下水浓度,说明地表水同时受大气降水和地下水补给并主要依靠地下水补给.时间上,地表水痕量元素年内、年际变化均不大,就年内而言,大部分元素浓度变化在4、5月较大,7、8月较小;大部分元素在2007年间浓度略小.在空间上,从上游到下游,大多数痕量元素浓度呈上升趋势,地下水的补给、河水的蒸发等造成了元素富集的变化.In order to better understand the hydrological process in Xilin River Basin,248 water samples were collected in 13 sections（10 were at the mainstream and 3 were at the three tributaries） over the Xilin River during 2006-2008 and thereafter analyzed by high resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry（ICP-MS） for 20 trace elements.The temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of trace elements were obtained.The results showed that the average concentration values of trace elements were 0.1-10 μg·L-1.Most of those values were at the concentration ranges of precipitation and groundwater and very close to the values of groundwater,indicating that the surface water was recharged by precipitation and groundwater especially by groundwater.The variation of concentration of trace elements in surface water was not strong at the temporal scale.Usually,the concentration values of trace elements were higher in April and May than those in July and August while those values were a bit lower in 2007 than in 2006 and 2008.Most of the trace element concentrations showed a upward trend from upstream to downstream.The enrichment of trace elements was contributed to the recharge of tributaries and groundwater,the evaporation of the stream water.

关 键 词：痕量元素 时间分布 空间变化 水文化学 锡林河流域 

分 类 号：X142[环境科学与工程—环境科学]