孟加拉湾地区大陆边缘盆地勘探概况与油气富集主控因素  

Exploration Status and Major Controlling Factors of Hydrocarbon Accumulation in the Continental Margin Basins of the Bengal Bay

作　　者：朱光辉 李林涛[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中海石油研究总院,北京100027 [2]中国石油大学,北京102249

出　　处：《地质科技情报》2012年第5期112-118,共7页Geological Science and Technology Information

基　　金：国家科技重大专项"孟加拉湾及澳大利亚西北陆架富油气盆地勘探潜力综合评价与目标优选"(2011ZX05030-002)

摘　　要：孟加拉湾位于印度大陆以东、缅甸-安达曼-苏门答腊以西、孟加拉国南部海上地区,该区存在主动和被动两种不同类型的大陆边缘,并发育众多大陆边缘含油气盆地。根据板块位置和构造特征将其划分为三大类,分别是:被动大陆边缘盆地(马哈纳迪、K-G和高韦里盆地);主动大陆边缘盆地(若开、缅甸中央、马达班、安达曼和北苏门答腊盆地);残留洋盆地(孟加拉盆地)。根据火山岛弧带分布情况进一步将主动大陆边缘盆地划分为:①海沟型——若开盆地;②弧前型——缅甸中央盆地;③弧后型——马达班、安达曼和北苏门答腊盆地。对这些盆地油气勘探情况的统计与分析表明,该区大陆边缘盆地的油气分布主控因素为:烃源岩类型与有机质丰度决定了流体性质与资源强度;大型河流—三角洲形成富油气区;盆地类型、性质及晚期构造活动强度决定区带勘探潜力。The Bengal Bay lies in the east of India continent, west of Burma-Andaman-Sumatra area, and south of the Bangladesh. There are two different kinds of continental margins： passive and active continental margin. Many hydrocarbons bearing basins lie in the continental margins of the Bengal Bay. Based on the structure characteristics and plate position, we divided the basins into three types： passive continental margin basin （Mahanadi, Cauvery, and the K-G basins）, active continental margin basin （Rakhine, central Burma, Moattama, Andaman, and the north Sumatra basins） and remnant ocean basin （Bengal Basin）. According to the distribution of the volcanic arcs, we further divided the active continental basin into trench, fore-arc and back-arc related basin. Through petroleum exploration analysis of the continental margin basins of the Bengal Bay, we come into the conclusion that the type of hydrocarbon source rocks and abundance of organic matters determined the nature of fluids and abundance of resources. Large riverdelta system determined the distribution of big hydrocarbon field. Finally type, property and intensity of tectonic activities （especially of the late stage） determined the potential of exploration zones.

关 键 词：孟加拉湾 大陆边缘盆地 油气 勘探 主控因素 

分 类 号：P918.130.2[天文地球—自然地理学]