基于机器视觉的货物列车超限检测中基准面获取方法  

Exterior Orientation Calibration Method for Freight Train Gauge-exceeding Detection Based on Computer Vision

作　　者：谢飞[1] 张旭苹[1] 张益昕[1] 王顺[1] 徐静珠[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学光通信工程研究中心,江苏南京210093

出　　处：《铁道学报》2012年第10期72-78,共7页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：江苏省普通高校研究生科研创新计划项目(CXLX12-0050)

摘　　要：超限货物运输是铁路货运中极为重要的组成部分。本文提出一种铁路货物列车超限检测方法,结合双目立体视觉测量技术和数字图像处理技术,实现对货物列车外形轮廓的非接触式超限测量。并根据该方法设计一种特殊的靶标,将轨道中心垂面的参数通过图像形式传递给检测装置,从而实现对轨道中心垂面的非接触式间接测量,解决了视觉测量中钢轨被遮挡情况下难以获取基准面的问题。实验证明,该方法在实际的户外大尺度测量条件下对基准面的测量误差小于10mm,可以满足实际超限检测的需求。The transportation of gauge-exceeding freight is an important part of railway cargo transport.In this paper,the non-contact method based on stereo vision measurement and digital image processing was presented for gauge-exceeding cargoes detection.Specially designed planar targets were used for this method to transmit the parameters of rails’ median plane to the measurement system.With these targets,we can place the measurement instrument arbitrarily and ignore the covers on the rail.The experimental results have shown that the proposed method can detect freight train gauge-exceeding with high accuracy and efficiency.The measurement error is less than 10 mm in outdoor large-scales conditions and all the measurements can be finished within half an hour for one freight train.

关 键 词：立体视觉 平面靶标 超限检测 摄像机标定 

分 类 号：U294[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]