青少年足球运动员在递增负荷运动中各生理指标的变化研究及应用  

Research and Application of Physiological Indicators of Juvenile Soccer Players in Incremental Exercise

作　　者：张颖[1] 赵克勇[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖北咸宁学院体育学院,湖北咸宁437100 [2]湖北咸宁学院基础医学院,湖北咸宁437100

出　　处：《武汉体育学院学报》2012年第9期78-82,100,共6页Journal of Wuhan Sports University

基　　金：湖北省教育厅科研项目(B20092803)

摘　　要：研究目的:分析青少年足球运动员在逐级递增负荷运动中各生理指标的变化,并探讨心率拐点在青少年运动员有氧能力评定中的应用的可能性,为优秀青少年运动员的科学选拔和科学训练提供可能的理论依据。研究对象与方法:U-15队的20名男子青少年足球运动员,测定最大摄氧量、心率、氧脉搏、通气量、呼吸商值;确定通气无氧阈、乳酸无氧阈、心率拐点。研究结果:本研究测得U-15男子足球运动员心肺功能各指标之间均具有显著相关性。受试者乳酸无氧阈、心率拐点的出现在时间上有高度的一致性。不同受试者个体乳酸阈、心率拐点、通气无氧阈出现的时间和所对应的运动强度有明显差异,随着最大有氧能力的增大向右漂移。Conconi心率拐点可以用来评定青少年运动员有氧能力。The study analyzed the changes of physiological indicators of juvenile soccer players in incremental exercise. It discussed the feasibility of application of Conconi heart rate deflection in assessing the juvenile athlete＇ s maximal aerobic capacity. Through the study it might provide the theoretical basis for scientific selection of talent and scientific training for elite juvenile athletes. The subjects were 20 U-15 male soccer players. Variables were maximal oxygen uptake, heart rate, pulse frequency, ventilation capacity, respiratory quotient, ventilation threshold, lactate threshold and heart rate deflection. Results showed that the significant correlation among the physiological variables of function of heart and lung of U-15 male soccer players was found. Heart rate deflection was found almost at the same time when breaking point of lactate threshold occurred. The resuh showed that individual lactate threshold and heart rate deflection and ventilation threshold indicated an apparent individual diversity by shifting from the left to the right with rising of the maximal aerobic capacity. Conconi heart rate deflection could assess the juvenile athlete＇ s maximal aerobic capacity.

关 键 词：有氧能力 青少年运动员 递增负荷运动 生理指标 

分 类 号：G804.7[文化科学—运动人体科学]