生物炭及炭基硝酸铵肥料对土壤化学性质及作物产量的影响  

Effect of Biochar and Biochar-based Ammonium Nitrate Fertilizers on Soil Chemical Properties and Crop Yield

作　　者：高海英[1,2] 何绪生[1] 陈心想[1] 张雯[1] 耿增超[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]史丹利化肥股份有限公司市场部,山东临沭276700

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2012年第10期1948-1955,共8页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：林业局"948"项目"林果木生物质综合转化技术引进"(2009-4-64);农业部"948"项目"生物炭技术引进及消化"(2010-Z19);陕西省攻关项目"高效生物炭基缓释肥配方及施用技术研究"(2010K02-12-1)

摘　　要：为了促进生物炭研究和农用,采用盆栽试验研究了两种生物炭基氮肥及相应生物炭对土壤部分化学性质、养分状况及作物产量的影响。试验结果表明:施用生物炭基氮肥可显著提高土壤有机碳含量,提高土壤pH值、阳离子交换量、土壤速效磷、速效钾和矿质态氮含量,增强土壤保肥能力,促进作物增产。生物炭对土壤化学性质和养分状况虽有一定改善作用,但作物增产效应不明显甚至减产。因此,将生物炭与肥料复合制成生物炭基肥料不但可以保持生物炭改良土壤的功能,还可促进作物生长和增产,有利于生物炭农用效益的提升。In order to promote research about biochar and its potential use in agriculture,we conducted a pot experiment to study the effect of biochar and two biochar-based N fertilizers on selected soil chemical properties,available nutrient concentrations,and crop yields.The results showed that biochar-based N fertilizer significantly increased soil organic C storage,soil pH,and soil cation exchange capacity.Biochar-based N fertilizer also increased available P,available K,and mineral N concentrations in the soil and enhanced the ability of soil to retain nutrients.Crop yields were also higher in soil treated with biochar-based N fertilizer.Amendment with biochar alone improved soil chemical properties and available nutrient concentrations to some extent;However,biochar amendment had a negative or insignificant effect on crop yield.Overall,combining biochar with N to produce biochar-based N fertilizer can not only make use of the positive effects of biochar on soil function,but also promote crop growth and increase yield.The use of biochar-based N fertilizer will enhance the economic benefits of biochar application to agricultural soils.

关 键 词：生物炭 生物炭基硝酸铵 化学性质 养分状况 小麦 糜子 作物产量 

分 类 号：S141.6[农业科学—肥料学]