机构地区:[1]安徽医科大学医学心理学系,合肥230032 [2]安徽省精神卫生中心 [3]安徽医科大学第一附属医院神经心理学实验室
出 处:《中华精神科杂志》2012年第5期289-294,共6页Chinese Journal of Psychiatry
基 金:国家自然科学基金(30870766);国际科技合作计划项目(10080703040);安徽省自然科学基金(090413147)
摘 要:目的探讨强迫症(obsessive—compulsive disorder,OCD)患者及其无临床症状、未受影响的直系亲属(unaffected first—degree relatives,UFDR)是否存在共同的神经认知功能损害,为OCD内表型的确定提供资料。方法分别对40例OCD患者(OCD组),40名OCD患者的UFDR(UFDR组)及年龄、性别、受教育程度基本匹配的40名正常对照(对照组)进行有关记忆、注意、决策和执行功能的神经心理学测试,包括Stroop色词测试(SCWT)、连线测试(TMT)、数字广度测试(DS)、言语流畅性测试(VFK)、伦敦塔测试(TOL)、威斯康辛卡片分类测试(WCST)、爱荷华博弈任务(IGT)和色子任务(GDT)。其中,IGT检验风险不明确情境下的决策,GDT检验风险明确情境下的决策。结果(1)IGT:OCD组、UFDR组和对照组净得分分别为(-8.85±19.81)、(-6.104±11.01)、(5.404±16.04)分,OCD组和UFDR组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(F=8.90,P〈0.001);OCD组、UFDR组和对照组在区间(Block)4得分分别为(-2.30±7.10)、(-2.10±5.57)、(2.35±6.16)分,OCD组和UFDR组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(F=6.95,P=0.001);OCD组、UFDR组和对照组在区间5得分分别为(-3.304±5.50)、(-0.104±6.09)、(3.654-6.39)分,OCD组和UFDR组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(F=13.42,P〈0.001)。(2)TOL:OCD组、UFDR组和对照组完成四步任务所需时间分别为(15.324±3.11)、(15.67±2.98)、(13.974±2.19)S,OCD组和UFDR组长于对照组,差异有统计学意义(F=4.18,P=0.018);OCD组、UFDR组和对照组完成五步任务所需时间分别为(28.40±6.55)、(29.464±9.03)、(25.06±5.05)s,OCD组和UFDR组长于对照组,差异有统计学意义(F=4.22,P=0.017)。(3)其他测试指标比较,3组差异无统计学意�Objective The aims of the present study were to find the common neuroeognitive deficits in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder ( OCD ) and their unaffected first-degree relatives (UFDR) and to identify neurocognitive endophenotypes for OCD. Methods Forty patients with OCD, forty UFDR of OCD probands and forty healthy normal control (NC) subjects matched for age, gender, education were recruited in the study. All the subjects were assessed by a battery of neuropsychological tests about attention, memory, decision making and exeeutive functions, including Stroop Colour Word Test (SCWT) , Trail Making Test (TMT), Digit Span (DS), Verbal Fluency Task (VFK), Tower of London Test (TOL), Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) , Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) , Game of Dice Task (GDT). The IGT assesses decision making under ambiguity and the GDT assesses decision making under risk. Results The OCD patients and the UFDR, who preferred to choose more disadvantageous choices performed inferior compared with the NC on the IGT (F=8.90,P 〈 0. 001 ), however, performances of the three groups had no differences on the GDT ( F = 0. 78, P = 0. 462). Furthermore, the OCD patients and the UFDR performed significantly worse compared with the NC on the TOL, they spent more time than the control on the number of 4 move problems ( F = 4. 18, P = 0.018 ) and number of 5 move problems ( F = 4. 22, P = 0. 017 ) . The three groups performed adequately in all other tests. Conclusion The current study suggests that dissociation of decision making under ambiguity and decision making under risk and the deficits in planning may qualify as neurocognitive endophenotypes candidate for OCD. These deficits are consistent with the proposed neurobiological model of OCD involving the fronto-striatal loops.
关 键 词:强迫性障碍 神经心理学 决策 前额-纹状体环路 内表型
分 类 号:R749.7[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]
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