阿穆尔河流域水环境变化条件下的生态环境分析  

Analysis of Ecological Environment under the Variations of Water Environment in the Amur River Basin

作　　者：董华[1] 高继平 张健康[1] 郭庆十[3] 程彦培[1] 刘坤[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所,石家庄050061 [2]河北省区域地质与矿产调查研究所,河北保定065000 [3]河北省遥感中心,石家庄050016

出　　处：《南水北调与水利科技》2012年第5期46-50,71,共6页South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science & Technology

基　　金：中国地质调查局1:500万亚洲地质环境系列图编制与重大地质环境问题研究项目(1212011120137)

摘　　要：阿穆尔河流域水环境变化条件下,运用GIS和RS技术,对阿穆尔河流域的2期NOAA影像数据和1期MO-DIS影像数据进行解译判读,获取不同时期阿穆尔河流域湿地与生态要素数据,为研究区的生态地质环境治理提供数据依据。通过动态度模型和转移矩阵模型,对研究区1992年-2010年间的湿地与生态的动态变化情况进行了量化的分析。结果表明:1992年-2010年18a间,沙化土地的动态度最大,为15.25,属于急剧变化型,沼泽和湿地面积大面积减少,林草混杂地面积减少,沼泽、湿地、林草和混杂地快速转化为林地和耕地,在近10a间,沙化土地面积又有增加趋势,主要转入类型为林地和草地混杂地。Under the variations of water environment in the Amur River Basin,GIS and RS technology were used to interpret the second phase NOAA image data and the first phase MODIS image data and to obtain the wetland and ecological elements in the Amur River Basin for different periods,which can provide data support for the protection of the ecological and geological environment in the study area.The dynamic model and the transition matrix model were used to perform the quantitative analysis of the dynamic changes of the wetland and ecology in the study area from 1992 to 2010.The results showed that the desertification land has the largest dynamic degree in the 18 years,which is about 15.25 and indicates that the desertification land belongs to a dramatic change type.The area of marshes and wetlands decreased significantly,and the area of mixed forest and grass land decreased as well.The marsh,wetland,mixed forest and grass land became cultivated land and forest rapidly.In the recent 10 years,the desertification area had an increasing trend,and the study area was mainly transformed into the mixed forest and grass land.

关 键 词：阿穆尔河流域  水环境  生态环境  GIS  RS  动态度  转移矩阵 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]