儿童骨质密度低下相关研究概况  

Bone mineral density reduction in children

作　　者：李冬松[1] 林红[1] 蔡波[2] 刘建国[1] 冯卫[1] 李叔强[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学白求恩第一医院,长春130021 [2]解放军第208医院

出　　处：《中国骨质疏松杂志》2012年第10期953-959,共7页Chinese Journal of Osteoporosis

基　　金：吉林省科技厅重大专项课题资助项目(20106018)

摘　　要：伴随诊断和治疗技术的发展,在儿童期发生的骨质密度减低逐渐引起了人们的重视。儿童低骨密度是由多种原因造成的,其中儿童在青春期生长高峰时,钙与维生素D摄入量不足是造成骨量减低的主要原因之一;导致骨量减低的其他临床相关因素还包括:成骨不良、佝偻病、少年类风湿、慢性关节炎,神经肌肉异常相关性骨量降低和特发性骨质疏松等疾病。为能够让临床医师早期认识与处理上述导致儿童期低骨质密度的问题,对儿童骨量降低提供有效的治疗,本文将对正常骨骼矿化过程、骨质密度测量技术,骨质降低的病理生理学机理和治疗方式选择的评估等方面展开综合性论述。With the development in diagnosis and treatment, people have paid more attention to the reduction of bone mineral density （BMD） in children. Reasons for low BMD in children are diversified. Insufficient intake of calcium and vitamin D during the period of adolescent growth spurt may be one of the primary causes. Other clinical relevant factors leading to the reduction of BMD in children include osteogenesis imperfecta, rickets, juvenile rheumatoid, chronic arthrltis, osteopenia associated with neuromuscular disorders, and idiopathic osteoporosis. In order to give the clinicians an early cognition of the causes leading to low BMD in children and how to handle these problems, and to provide effective treatments for the reduction of BMD, this article reviews the process of normal skeletal mineralization, the techniques of BMD measurement, the pathophysiology of osteopenia, and the evaluation of treatment options.

关 键 词：骨密度 儿童 骨质疏松 

分 类 号：R363.1[医药卫生—病理学]