元记忆监测研究的横向比较  

The Crosswise Comparison on the Metamemory Monitorings Research

作　　者：张振新[1] 明文[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学教师教育学院,金华321004

出　　处：《心理科学》2012年第5期1102-1106,共5页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：教育部重点课题(DBA110182);教育部人文社科规划基金项目(11YJA880161)资助

摘　　要：元记忆监测在记忆活动中发挥重要作用。元记忆自FOK研究开始,到理论框架的提出,各种理论逐渐发展成熟。文章从元记忆监测总过程的视角对近年来EOL、FOK、JOL、JOC等元记忆监测成分的研究范式、认知机制及神经机制进行了横向比较,概述了元记忆监测研究的进展及动态。The metamemory monitoring plays a critical role in the memory activity, enabling the learners to study efficiently. It contains ease of learning （EOL）, feeling of knowing （FOK）, judge of learning （JOL）, and judge of confidence （JOC）, which become a con- tinuous process. This paper views the metamemory monitoring as a unitary process and makes a crosswise comparison with the research model, cognitive mechanisms and neural mechanisms of its ingredients, including EOL, FOK, JOL, and JOC. The current major research paradigms were systematically listed. Besides the traditional research model for each one, pre-judgment recall and monitoring （PRAM） and second-order judgment were reviewed for JOL, and game-show was reviewed for FOK. Several major cognitive theory hypotheses were tested. Trace access mechanism for FOK and direct access hypothesis for J0L were based on the strength of the target information. Inferential mechanism for FOK and cue-familiarity hypothesis for JOL and FOK were based on the strength of related information of the target. Accessibility model and competition hypothesis for JOL and FOK were based on the total a- mount of information extracted ; dual-process hypothesis for FOK was based on the separation of FOK and FOnK, and the types of clues perceived. Compared with the neural activations in FOK, JOL, and JOC, activations in ventral medial prefrontal cortex were associated with current FOK and JOL, while activations in medial and lateral parietal regions were associated with JOC. However, compared with recognition tasks, the neural activity related to metamemory was characterized by a shift from externally directed cognition, towards in- ternally directed cognition. All of the above explained the same and different aspects from the perspective of the neural mechanism. In the end, the evolution and dynamic research were summarized in metamemory monitoring fields Several aspects were discussed for future study. First, it＇s difficult to draw a perfect conclusion if only the res

关 键 词：元记忆 监测 横向比较 

分 类 号：B842.3[哲学宗教—基础心理学]