反事实思维与后悔的关系:调节模式的调节作用  

The Relation Between Counterfactual Thinking and Regret:the Regulatory Mode as a Moderator

作　　者：逄晓鸣 汪玲[2] 肖凤秋[2] 齐博[2] 

机构地区：[1]全美测评软件系统有限公司测评研究中心,北京100005 [2]首都师范大学教育学院心理学系北京市"学习与认知"重点实验室,北京100089

出　　处：《心理科学》2012年第5期1137-1143,共7页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(31100757);北京市教委2011年度社科项目(SM201110028003);国家社科基金项目(09BSH042);北京市属高等学校人才强教深化计划"学术创新团队建设计划"项目(PHR201007109)的资助;在北京市"发展与教育心理学"重点学科完成

摘　　要：已有研究表明反事实思维越多则后悔越强烈。本研究试图通过两项实验分别探讨特质性、情境性调节模式是否影响反事实思维与后悔之间的关系。结果表明:特质性调节模式及情境性调节模式均对反事实思维与后悔之间的关系具有调节作用,具体来说,针对情境性调节模式而言,运动模式下加法式思维越多则后悔越轻微,评估模式下加法式思维越多则后悔越强烈;针对特质性调节模式而言,运动模式下加法式思维越多则后悔越轻微。Previous studies have indicated that the amount of counterfactual thinking impacts regret in direct proportion： the more coun- terfactual thinking, the more regret, because regret involves reflecting on one＇s responsibility in the previous decision. From this per- spective, regret can be interpreted as the result of counterfactual thinking. However, there is some evidence that the relation between counterfactual thinking and regret is moderated by some variables, such as the distance between performance and goal. On the other hand, it is suggested that regulatory mode may have important influence on regret. For example, people regret more in the action situa- tion than in the non-action situation; however, this effect is stronger on high-locomotion individuals than high-assessment individuals. In addition, counterfactual thinking includes different types such as additive counterfactual thinking and subtractive counterfactual think- ing. And regulatory focus involves the situational regulatory mode and the chronic regulatory mode. Thus, the present study is to exam- ine whether the relation between counterfactual thinking and regret is influenced by the regulatory mode, taking the different types of counterfactual thinking into account, and whether there is any difference between the chronic regulatory mode and the situational regula- tory mode in their influence upon relation between counterfactual thinking and the regret. The hypotheses are： for both chronic and situ- ational regulatory modes, the assessment mode is related to subtractive counterfactual thinking; while the locomotion mode is related to additive counterfactual thinking; the regulatory mode （chronic or situational） is a moderator between counterfactual thinking and regret, specifically, under the locomotion mode, the more additive counterfactual thinking, the more regret; the more subtractive counterfactual thinking, the less regret; under the assessment mode, the more subtractive counterfactual thinking, the more regret; the more additi

关 键 词：调节模式 反事实思维 后悔 调节作用 

分 类 号：B842.5[哲学宗教—基础心理学]