振动机械滚动轴承单点点蚀故障诊断研究  

Fault diagnosis of single-point pitting corrosion for rolling bearing of vibrating machine

作　　者：郭宝良[1] 段志善[1] 郑建校[1] 史丽晨[1] 东亚斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学机电学院,陕西西安710055

出　　处：《振动工程学报》2012年第5期610-618,共9页Journal of Vibration Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金资助项目(51105292);陕西省自然科学基金资助项目(2011JM7009;2012JM7015)

摘　　要：针对振动机械滚动轴承内环和外环单点点蚀故障的判别问题,通过对振动机械滚动轴承运行状态的分析,建立了滚动轴承内环和外环单点点蚀故障的脉冲冲击模型,提出了单点点蚀故障的判别依据,对理论模型进行了仿真,并在振动筛上进行了试验研究,运用Hilbert-Huang变换法处理了试验数据。理论分析与试验分析结果一致表明,振动机械与旋转机械滚动轴承单点点蚀的故障特征频谱有明显的区别。振动机械滚动轴承外环点蚀故障时有明显的振幅调制现象,其故障包络谱中有幅值较大的外环故障频率fo及其倍频、外环故障频率的边频、调制频率及其倍频的谱线;而旋转机械外环点蚀无振幅调制现象。振动机械滚动轴承内环点蚀故障时有轻微的振幅调制现象,其故障包络谱中有幅值较大的内环故障频率fi及其倍频、幅值较小的内环故障频率的边频和调制频率及其倍频的谱线;而旋转机械内环点蚀存在明显的振幅调制现象。Aiming at the discrimination problem of single-point pitting corrosion fault at the inner and outer ring {or the rolling bearing of vibrating machine, the pulse shock model was built and the discrimination criterion of the fault was proposed by analyzing the running situation of the bearings. At the same time, the theoretical model was simulated, and the experiment was finished in a vibration sieve. The experiment data were processed by applying the Hilbert-Huang transform method, which were consistent with those of theoretical analysis. The results show that according to the fault spectrum characteristics of the rolling bearing pitting corrosion there are obvious differences between vibrating machine and the rotary machinery. For the pitting corrosion fault at the outer ring of the vibrating machine there exist an obvious amplitude modulation and a series of obvious spectral lines corresponding to the outer ring fault frequency fo and its frequency doubling, its side frequency, modulation frequency and its frequency doubling, respectively in the envelope spectrum oi the fault, whereas there is different for rotary machinery. For the pitting corrosion fault at the inner ring of the vibrating machine there exist a slight amplitude modulation and a series of obvious spectral lines corresponding to the inner ring fault frequency fl and its frequency doubling, its side frequency, modulation frequency and its frequency doubling, respectively in the envelope spectrum of the fault. But there is obvious amplitude modulation for rotary machinery.

关 键 词：故障诊断 滚动轴承 振动机械 单点点蚀 Hilbert—Huang变换 

分 类 号：TP277[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] TH156[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]