咖啡种质资源收集、保存、评价及创新利用研究  

Collection,Preservation,Evaluation and Creative Utilization of Coffee Germplasm Resources

作　　者：周华[1] 张洪波[1] 李锦红[1] 李文伟[1] 夏红云[1] 郭铁英[1] 白学慧[1] 肖兵[1] 杨秋鸣[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南省德宏热带农业科学研究所,云南瑞丽678600

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2012年第9期1554-1561,共8页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：农业部热带作物种质资源保护项目"瑞丽咖啡种质资源圃"(No.12RZZY-03);公益性行业(农业)科研专项"热带特色香辛饮料作物产业技术研究与示范"(No.200903024);国家农作物种质资源平台"热带作物种质资源标准化整理;整合及共享运行服务"

摘　　要：概述云南省德宏热带农业科学研究所开展咖啡种质资源调查、收集、引进、保存、评价及创新利用等方面的研究现状。收集咖啡种质资源5个种377份,保存325份,建立3.34 hm2资源圃并被农业部授牌;对圃内保存的种质进行农艺性状、抗病虫、抗旱、抗寒及品质性状鉴定评价;对资源进行共性、个性描述及共享利用;筛选优异咖啡种质18份,创制优异咖啡新种质13份,获得杂交组合后代49份,审定和认定咖啡新品种各1个,注册登记新品种5个,建立配套的种苗生产和栽培技术体系,新品种累计推广近30 000 hm2,为中国咖啡产业的发展提供有力的品种和技术支撑。The investigation, collection, introducing, preservation, evaluating and creatively utilizing of coffee germplasm resources in Dehong Tropical Agriculture Research Institute of Yunnan were reported. There are 377 aeeesions collected and 325 accesions attributed to 5 species are persevered in a 3.34 hm2 coffee germplasm nursery funded by the Ministry of Agriculture. The agronomic traits, diseases and insect pests resistance, drought resistance, chilling resistance and quality traits were identified and evaluated. Common and unique characteristics were described, shared and utilized. We screened 18 excellent germplasm, created 13 excellent germplasm, gained 49 hybridized combinations. One new coffee variety was audited and approved, five new coffee varieties were registered, and the seed production and cultivation technological system were established. The new varieties were planted for 30 000 hm2.

关 键 词：咖啡种质资源 收集 保存 评价 创新利用 

分 类 号：S571.2[农业科学—作物学]