汽车底盘结构件焊缝设计方法探讨  

Weld Design Methods for Automobile Chassis

作　　者：刘拥军[1] 冯向敏[1] 周凯[1] 王华杰[2] 周方明[2] 

机构地区：[1]泛亚汽车技术中心有限公司,上海201201 [2]江苏科技大学江苏省先进焊接技术重点实验室,江苏镇江212003

出　　处：《热加工工艺》2012年第21期197-199,202,共4页Hot Working Technology

摘　　要：针对国内企业在设计汽车底盘(后桥和副车架)焊缝时完全照搬国外技术,鉴此本文对某型号汽车后桥和副车架的焊缝设计方法进行了研究,以期建立具有自主知识产权的汽车底盘焊缝设计方法。通过建立其三维有限元模型,对其焊接温度场和残余应力场进行模拟计算,提出将焊接残余应力和工作载荷进行合成计算,基于悬架臂和衬套管进行拉伸破坏试验以及焊接残余应力和拉伸载荷的合成计算结果,确定采用安全系数N=σbw/σmax对焊缝承载性能进行评价,最后选择了改变焊缝数量、长度以及布道位置的方法对焊缝进行优化设计。结果表明,实际焊缝失效位置与计算结果相一致,经过优化后的焊缝的承载评价结果是安全的。最终将本文所建立的汽车底盘焊缝设计方法成功应用于308和318两种型号的后桥。According to domestic enterprises copy foreign weld design technology to design automobile chassis （rear and frame）, therefore, a weld design method for rear and frame was researched in order to build weld design method with independent intellectual property rights. By building three dimension finite element models, calculating welding temperature field and residual stress field, and the coupling calculation of welding residual stress and working load were proposed, and the safety coefficient σbw/σmax was used to evaluate weld load-carrying property based on the results of tensile failure test and coupling calculation of tensile load and welding residual stress of suspension arm and bush. The methods for changing weld number were choosen, length and position were optimized. The results indicate that the actual weld failure position and calculated results show good agreements and the evaluation results of load-carrying property of weld are safe by optimization design, eventually the weld design method for automobile chassis in the article is successfully applied to two models rear of 308 and 318.

关 键 词：汽车底盘 焊缝设计 ANSYS 合成应力 

分 类 号：TG44[金属学及工艺—焊接]