论司法审判中法律适用的个别化  

On the Individualized Application of the Law

作　　者：胡玉鸿[1] 

机构地区：[1]苏州大学王健法学院,江苏苏州215006

出　　处：《法制与社会发展》2012年第6期51-65,共15页Law and Social Development

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大招标项目"学习实践科学发展观重大问题研究--以人为本与中国法制发展"(08&ZD001);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目;江苏省高校哲学社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"公法的人学解构"(2010JDXM038)

摘　　要：法律适用的个别化,是指法官在审理案件的过程中,就个案涉及的特定的人和事进行综合考察后,采取最适宜案件特殊情形的一种司法解决方法。个别化之所以正当,是因为法律的抽象性、普遍性决定了其实施上个别化的必然,同时,个案正义相较于整体正义更为妥当,而司法的过程本身就是发展法律乃至创造法律的过程。在个别化的考量中,既要关注行为人的能力、个性、动机,也要注重行为时的背景以及行为主体之间的关系,以及时空转换导致的情势变更。对于法律适用的个别化而言,为了防止其可能的滥用,需要确定尊重法律、前后一致、合理裁量等基本准则,同时引入社会评判机制来对之予以监督。The individualization of law application refers to an appropriate judicial solution which the jud ges take for a case involved specific persons and events after they have studied it comprehensively. The indi vidualization is legitimate just because the law＇s characteristics of abstractness and universality determine the inevitability of its individualized enforcement, and case justice is more legitimate compared with entirety jus tice, and the judicial process itself is a process of developing, even creating law. During this course, judges should consider the actorg ability, personality and motivation, the background in which the behavior occurs, the relationship between actors, and the changed circumstances. In order to prevent the possible abuse of indi vidualization of law application, the basic criteria, such as respect for the law, consistent, reasonable discre tion, and so on, need to be established. In the meantime, social evaluation mechanism should also be done for the purpose of supervising it.

关 键 词：法律适用 个别化 法律缺陷 司法能动 

分 类 号：D926[政治法律—法学]