干建材挥发性有机化合物传质特性  

VOC mass transfer characteristic features of dry building materials

作　　者：宋伟[1,2] 孔庆媛 李洪枚[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都经济贸易大学安全与环境工程学院,北京100070 [2]国家家具及室内环境质量监督检验中心,北京100068

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2012年第5期105-110,共6页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：北京市科技计划项目(D09050603750802);质检公益性行业科研专项(201110013-04;201010013-4)

摘　　要：为研究干建材在建筑环境空气污染中的作用机制,对其挥发性有机化合物(Volatile Organic Compounds,VOC)传质特性进行建模与测定。首先提出了干建材VOC传质模型,具有完全显性解析解;其次,基于模型变换发展了干建材VOC传质特性快速测定分析方法。通过复杂程度不同的木家具中多种VOC的传质试验,验证了模型与方法的可靠性。通过对模型进行无量纲分析发现,密闭舱干建材VOC传质可简化为5个无量纲准则数决定的一般性问题,且背景质量浓度会影响VOC传质的平衡方向与速度。This paper is inclined to present our research findings on the characteristic features of the VOC mass transfer in the dry building materials and their influence on the environment while developing the corresponding testing methods. As is known, volatile organic compounds （VOC） emission/adsorption mass transfer is one of the most significant factors causing indoor air pollution. It may bring about serious toxic effects on human health through indoor use of wooden or metallic furniture. For this purpose, we would like to discuss the inadequacies of current methods and models in this connection and then introduce our improved mass transfer mechanism based on the analytical model of describing VOC emission/adsorption of dry materials in static chamber with Laplace Transform on the equation both of Fick＆rsquo;s second law and indoor mass equilibrium theory under a series of rational boundary and initial conditions. Specific discussion has been given in this paper to the form of the model, which is featured with our analysis of the dominant relation between independent and dependent variables. What＆rsquo;s more, we have developed a method for testing all the key VOC mass transfer parameters （the initial emission concentration, the diffusion coefficient and partition coefficient） through experiments in static chamber and specific numerical calculation while giving necessary deduction to the model. Thus, we have determined the materials＆rsquo; mass transfer characteristics in combination with the proper selection of environmental chambers in three days, which is worthy of reference to engineering practice. In addition, we have also laid out and conducted experiments involving various VOC from wood furniture with different degrees of complexity typical for the common dry materials, in which application effects of both the model and method were profoundly analyzed. According to the experimental data, we have shown all the correlation coefficients that could meet the demands of the reliability provided by the

关 键 词：环境工程学 建筑环境 室内空气质量 干建材 挥发性有机化合物 传质学 密闭舱 解析模型 

分 类 号：X502[环境科学与工程—环境工程]